Logistics. Transportation costs (most important)

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Logistics. Transportation costs (most important)

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88. TRANSPORTATION COSTS

Transport costs - the cost of transporting products from the place of sale or purchase to the location of buyers. Transportation costs are additional costs associated with the continuation of the production process in the sphere of circulation. Transport costs include payment of transport tariffs and various fees of transport companies, the cost of maintaining their own transport, the cost of loading and unloading, freight forwarding.

Costs associated with the transportation of products from the seller to the buyer:

1) costs associated with the preparation of products for shipment (checking products in terms of quantity and quality, sampling, packaging);

2) the cost of loading products onto the vehicles of the domestic carrier;

3) payment of tariffs for transportation from the point of departure to the point of transshipment for mainline transport;

4) payment of tariffs for loading cargo onto main transport vehicles;

5) payment of the cost of transportation of products by international transport;

6) payment for cargo insurance upon delivery;

7) payment of customs duties, taxes and fees when crossing the customs border;

8) the cost of storing products in transit and points of reloading;

9) the cost of unloading the cargo at the destination;

10) costs for the delivery of products from the buyer's warehouse to the final destination.

The main directions for reducing transportation costs:

1) reducing fuel costs by choosing the best places for refueling, taking into account the cost of fuel in different countries;

2) reducing the cost of per diem and apartment by rationing the time of the flight;

3) reducing the cost of tolls due to the choice of the optimal route, as well as the use of mixed road-sea, road-rail communications;

4) increase in labor productivity.

Shipping costs include:

1) payment of tariffs and fees of transport enterprises when delivering products to trade enterprises. Tariffs are calculated as the product of the average tariff rate for 1 ton of cargo of this class (with an established average distance) by the weight of the cargo;

2) fees of transport enterprises for loading and unloading operations, as well as for supplying and cleaning vehicles (cars, wagons);

3) payment for forwarding services and other services;

4) the cost of maintaining your own transport.

Shipping costs include:

1) expenses for the equipment of vehicles;

2) expenses for forwarding cargo;

3) fees of transport organizations;

4) expenses for payment of invoices of third-party organizations;

5) the cost of paying for loading and unloading operations and services when sending products from wholesalers.

Cost of transportation - expressed in monetary terms, the value of the operating costs of the transport enterprise, falling on average per unit of transport production.

The cost of transportation of 1 ton of cargo consists of the costs of:

1) loading and unloading;

2) transportation;

3) repair and maintenance of motor roads;

4) organizing and ensuring traffic safety;

5) warehousing of cargo;

6) preparation of cargo for transportation and storage after unloading.

Author: Shepeleva A.Yu.

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