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25. Ways of word formation. Deminutives
The main ways of word formation are affix and non-affix.
The affixal ones include methods of forming derivatives by adding word-forming affixes (prefixes, suffixes) to generating stems.
Non-affix methods are used mainly for the formation of compound words.
A compound word is a word that consists of more than one generating stem. A compound word is formed by the method of basic construction.
A word in the structure of which there is only one generating stem is called simple: for example, costoarticularis is a compound word, a costalis and articularis are simple words.
There are also mixed ways of word formation: prefixation + suffixation, addition + suffixation, a way to create compound words, etc.
Deminutives - nouns with a common derivational meaning "diminutive".
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A motivated diminutive noun (deminitive) retains the gender of the motivating word from which it is derived. These motivated words are inclined only according to the I or II declension, regardless of which declension the motivating word belongs to: for example, nodus, -i (m); nodulus; vas, vasis (n) vasculum.
1. Some artificially formed terms do not have a diminutive meaning; these are the designations of the stages of embryonic development: gastrula, blastula, morula, organella.
2. The nouns macula (spot), acetabulum (acetabulum) and some others also have a diminutive meaning.
Author: Shtun A.I.
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