Clinical psychology. Behavioral medicine. Public Health (Most Important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
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Clinical psychology. Behavioral medicine. Public Health (Most Important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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46. Behavioral medicine. public health

At the beginning of the XX century. the main causes of death were diseases such as influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis and gastrointestinal infections. Since then, the annual mortality from these diseases has declined significantly. Currently, the most well-known causes of death are diseases in which behavior is important: myocardial infarction, cancer, accidents, injuries, murders and poisonings, etc. Thus, the main possible way to improve health is to change unhealthy behavior.

Behavioral Medicine is an interdisciplinary research and application field that focuses on the biopsychosocial model in its approach to health problems. Behavioral medicine integrates advances in the behavioral and biomedical sciences related to physical health. It combines sections of such sciences as:

1) psychology;

2) epidemiology;

3) sociology;

4) anthropology;

5) physiology;

6) pharmacology;

7) anatomy;

8) dietology, etc.

There are the following main types of unhealthy behavior.

1. Smoking (contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases, cancer of the oral cavity, lungs and esophagus, bronchitis, etc.).

2. Alcohol abuse (can lead to cirrhosis of the liver, pancreatitis, cancer, as well as accidents, murders and fires).

3. Improper nutrition (for example, obesity increases the risk of developing hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, complicates surgical interventions, etc.).

Public health (Public Health), or population medicine, is an interdisciplinary field of research and practice that deals with improving the overall level of public health. Currently, another term is often used - "health science".

The tasks of population medicine are:

1) disease prevention (prophylaxis);

2) life extension;

3) improving well-being.

These tasks are carried out through public events and the impact on the health system as a whole.

Thus, we are talking about a systematic approach, based on the entire population Public Health is still a field of research and practice that is not identified with a separate profession.

Author: Vedekhina S.A.

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