Clinical psychology. Clinical psychology as an independent science. Definition of Clinical Psychology (Most Important)

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Clinical psychology. Clinical psychology as an independent science. Definition of Clinical Psychology (Most Important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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1. Clinical psychology as: an independent science. Definition of clinical psychology

Clinical psychology is a branch of psychological science. Her findings are of theoretical and practical importance for both psychology and medicine.

In some countries, the concept of medical psychology is common, but in most countries the concept of "clinical psychology" is more commonly used.

In recent decades, in Russia, the question of the convergence of domestic and world psychology has increasingly begun to arise, which required a revision of such concepts as medical and clinical psychology.

The change in the name of medical psychology to clinical psychology is due to the fact that in recent decades it has been integrating into world psychology.

Clinical psychology as an organization of researchers and practitioners has been represented by the American Association of Clinical Psychology since 1917, and in German-speaking countries since the middle of the XNUMXth century.

The international guide to clinical psychology, edited by M. Perret and W. Baumann, provides the following definition: "Clinical psychology is a private psychological discipline, the subject of which is mental disorders and mental aspects of somatic disorders (diseases). It includes the following sections: etiology ( analysis of the conditions for the occurrence of disorders), classification, diagnosis, epidemiology, intervention (prevention, psychotherapy, rehabilitation), health care, evaluation of results. In English-speaking countries, in addition to the term "clinical psychology", the term "pathological psychology" - Abnormal Psychology - is used as a synonym. In addition to clinical psychology, many universities, mostly Western ones, also teach medical psychology. The content of this discipline may be different. It includes:

1) the application of the achievements of psychology in medical practice (first of all, this concerns solving the problem of interaction between a doctor and a patient);

2) disease prevention (prophylaxis) and health protection;

3) mental aspects of somatic disorders, etc. In accordance with the state educational

The standard of clinical psychology is a wide-profile specialty aimed at solving a set of problems in the healthcare and education system. It is also noted that clinical psychology is intersectoral in nature.

Experts give different definitions of clinical psychology. But they all agree on one thing: clinical psychology considers the area that borders between medicine and psychology. This is a science that studies the problems of medicine from the point of view of psychology.

The leading Soviet psychiatrist A.V. Snezhnevsky believes that medical psychology is a branch of general psychology that studies the state and role of the psyche in the occurrence of human diseases, the features of their manifestations, course, as well as outcome and recovery. In its research, medical psychology uses descriptive and experimental methods accepted in psychology.

Author: Vedekhina S.A.

>> Forward: Subject and object of research in clinical psychology

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