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43. Mental disorders of organic origin
In the work of a psychologist, the task of diagnosing between an organic brain disease and schizophrenia often arises.
In this case, you should investigate:
1) attention;
2) memory;
3) thinking;
4) signs of exhaustion.
The study of mental disorders of organic origin requires knowledge not only in the field of pathopsychology, but also in the field of neuropsychology.
In diseases of the brain, the following is noted.
1. Increased exhaustion.
2. Decreased memory.
3. Inertia of thinking.
4. Reducing the level of intellectual processes.
5. Passivity.
6. Narrowing the circle of interests, etc. Consider the most common diseases of organic origin.
1. Cerebral atherosclerosis. With this disease, there is an increased exhaustion of mental processes, which can be of two types:
1) hypersthenic type (change of fast rate by its decrease) - occurs in the initial stages of the disease;
2) hyposthenic type (decrease in the pace and quality of the task with the passage of time) - characteristic of the late stages of the disease.
In patients with cerebral atherosclerosis, the following is observed.
1. Memory disorders.
2. Inertia of mental activity.
3. Increased exhaustion.
4. Decrease in the level of generalization, memory impairment, increase in speech disorders.
2. Senile (senile) dementia. There are several forms of senile dementia:
1) simple;
2) confabulatory (characterized by fussiness, euphoria, the presence of confabulations);
3) delirious (characterized by clouding of consciousness).
3. Alzheimer's disease is an atypical form of senile dementia, as it begins at an earlier age (40-45 years). In this case, the atrophic process affects the parieto-occipital, temporal, frontal parts of the left hemisphere of the brain.
4. Pick's disease. The cause of this disease is atrophy of the frontal, temporal or parietal areas of the brain.
Author: Vedekhina S.A.
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