Clinical psychology. Functional blocks of the brain (most important)

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Clinical psychology. Functional blocks of the brain (most important)

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37. Functional blocks of the brain

A. R. Luria developed a general structural and functional model of the brain, according to which the entire brain can be divided into three main blocks. Each block has its own structure and plays a specific role in mental functioning.

1st block - a block for regulating the level of general and selective activation of the brain, an energy block that includes:

1) reticular formation of the brain stem;

2) diencephalic departments;

3) nonspecific midbrain structures;

4) limbic system;

5) mediobasal sections of the cortex of the frontal and temporal lobes.

2nd block - the block for receiving, processing and storing exteroceptive information, includes the central parts of the main analyzer systems, the cortical zones of which are located in the occipital, parietal and temporal lobes of the brain.

The work of the second block is subject to three laws.

1. The law of hierarchical structure (primary zones are phylo- and ontogenetically earlier, from which two principles follow: the "bottom-up" principle - the underdevelopment of primary fields in a child leads to the loss of later functions; the "top-down" principle - in an adult with a completely the existing psychological system, the tertiary zones control the work of the secondary ones subordinate to them and, if the latter are damaged, they have a compensating effect on their work).

2. The law of decreasing specificity (primary zones are the most modally specific, and tertiary zones are generally supramodal).

3. The law of progressive lateralization (as you ascend from the primary to the tertiary zones, the differentiation of the functions of the left and right hemispheres increases).

3rd block - the block of programming, regulation and control over the course of mental activity), consists of the motor, premotor and prefrontal sections of the cerebral cortex. When this part of the brain is damaged, the functioning of the musculoskeletal system is disrupted.

Author: Vedekhina S.A.

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