Electrical injury. Occupational Safety and Health

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health

Electrical injury. Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / electrical safety

The current level of technical progress is impossible without the widespread introduction of electrical equipment, which in turn necessitates continuous improvement of the requirements for its safe maintenance and protective equipment.

Work in the field of electrical safety should be based on a thoughtful, clear, specific system of measures that ensures the complete and accurate implementation of the "Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations" and the "Safety Rules for the operation of consumer electrical installations". Particular attention should be paid to the management of electrical facilities to the strictest compliance with the requirements of these Rules regarding the maintenance and operation of electrical networks and stations, including switchgear, where, according to statistics, accidents most often occur. A large number of accidents occur during the maintenance and repair of an electric drive, ballasts, electric lighting, welding machines, electrified vehicles, electrical equipment, lifting and transport mechanisms, hand-held portable tools, and high-frequency installations.

Voltage electrical installations are divided into two groups: voltages up to 1000 V and over 1000 V. Practice shows that electrical injuries, as mentioned above, often occur in electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V.

Most of the accidents occur due to the low level of organization of work, gross violations of the Rules, including:

Direct contact with open current-carrying parts and wires.
Touching current-carrying parts, the insulation of which is damaged.
Touching metal parts of equipment that accidentally become energized.
Touching live parts with objects with low insulation resistance.
Absence or violation of protective grounding.
Incorrect voltage supply during repairs or inspections.
Effects of electric current through an arc.
The impact of step voltage, etc.

An electrician was injured in the small-scale casting section of the iron foundry, who, on the instructions of the master, replaced burned-out electric lamps. For this purpose, he used a ladder, which, when replacing each lamp, was supported by the starting equipment of an electric hoist moving along a closed elliptical monorail. At the same time, the voltage from the trolleys was turned off each time the lamp was replaced and turned on again to move the hoist to the next lamp. During the replacement of the next lamp, the electrician took his hand on the trolls, which was under voltage this time, and was shocked.

The accident occurred as a result of a gross violation of the Rules: the voltage was not previously turned off, the switch drive was not locked in the off position, the fuses were not removed, a warning poster was not posted on the switch, protective equipment was not used, the second electrician did not participate in the work.

Another example of an accident is from the practice of operating electrical installations over 1000 V.

During preventive work in the cell of the oil switch of the 6 kV switchgear, a trainee was struck by an electric current. Preventive work in the oil circuit breaker cell was carried out with gross violation (by verbal order of the senior foreman of the electrical department): the voltage was partially removed, the work was not formalized in the operational log or order, there was no on-duty operational personnel, At the same time, live parts under voltage and accessible to accidental touch, no warning poster posted. The interns were allowed to work without testing their knowledge of the "Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations" and "Safety regulations for the operation of consumer electrical installations".

Practice more than convincingly shows that a clear organization of work, conscientious implementation of the Rules, high discipline and responsibility of managers and workers are a reliable basis for safe work in electrical installations.

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