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History of domestic state and law. Foreign policy of the Soviet state in the pre-war period in the 1920s - early 1930s (most important)

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FOREIGN POLICY OF THE SOVIET STATE IN THE PRE-WAR PERIOD IN 1920 - EARLY 1930s

During the 20-30s. The Soviet Union in its foreign policy tried to solve a number of tasks, among which are the following:

1. Breaking the diplomatic and economic blockade of the country. A number of peace treaties with border countries were concluded already in 1920-1921, and after the Genoa Conference of 1922, the gradual establishment of relations between the USSR and Western countries began. Germany was the first to restore diplomatic relations with the USSR. In 1922, an agreement was concluded between these states, which determined the friendly nature of relations between them for the next decade. Both sides were interested in close political, economic and military cooperation - Germany, humiliated by the Treaty of Versailles, and Soviet Russia, which needed scientific and technical assistance. All R. 1920s The USSR established diplomatic relations with England, France, Italy and a number of other leading countries of the world. In 1934, the USSR was admitted to the League of Nations.

2. Search for political and economic partners. Throughout the 20-30s. The only state friendly to the USSR was the Mongolian People's Republic. In addition, Russia provided military assistance to the Spanish Republican government in the civil war and to China in the war with Japan. Depending on specific foreign policy circumstances, the USSR collaborated with Germany in different years. England, France and a number of other states.

3. Promotion of the “world revolution” beyond the USSR. The Soviet state began to carry out this task back in 1919, when the Comintern, an international communist organization, was created in Moscow for these purposes. The events of that time allowed the Bolsheviks to hope for the quick success of the world revolution, since socialist uprisings broke out in various parts of Europe, and the Red Army's attack on Warsaw in 1920 was supposed to establish Soviet power in Poland. The Comintern organized uprisings in Germany and Bulgaria (1923). However, the failures of the military uprisings, as well as the extremely negative international reaction to them, forced the leadership of the USSR to distance itself somewhat from direct participation in revolutionary activities in other countries. Nevertheless, throughout all the years of its existence, the Soviet state continued to control the actions of far-left forces and support them throughout the world. Thus, during the 20s - early 30s. The USSR managed to overcome diplomatic isolation. At the same time, the world's leading states viewed the existence of the USSR as a potential threat to their security. In the foreign policy of the Soviet country, a revolution was made from the idea of ​​world revolution to the concept of building socialism in a capitalist environment and the need in this regard for cooperation with foreign states.

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