Table of contents (expand)
- Subject, method, social value of the history of the Russian state and law
- The emergence of the ancient Russian state. Princely statutes - sources of ancient Russian law
- The legal status of the population according to Russian Pravda
- The political system of the ancient Russian state
- Civil law and procedural law according to Russian Pravda
- Crime and punishment according to Russian Truth
- Causes of feudal fragmentation in Rus'. The social system of the Novgorod feudal republic
- Pskov court charter. Novgorod judicial charter
- State system of the Novgorod feudal republic
- Rise of the empire of Genghis Khan. Golden Horde. State and Law of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
- Prerequisites for the formation of a Russian centralized state. social order
- Political system during the formation of the Russian centralized state
- Sudebnik 1497
- The social system and the development of the form of state unity in the period of a class-representative monarchy. Zemsky Sobors
- Zemsky Sobors 1549-1653 Their structure, powers
- Zemsky and labial huts
- Stages of enslavement of peasants in Rus'. The legal status of the peasants and townspeople according to the conciliar code of 1649
- Feudal tenure according to the cathedral code of 1649
- Council code of 1649: system of contracts, crime and punishment, procedural law
- Social and state system of Ukraine in the second half of the XVII-XVIII centuries. Procedural law under Peter I. "A brief depiction of processes or litigation"
- The legal status of estates in the XVIII century. Article military
- Stages of the emergence of absolute monarchy in Russia. Governing Senate
- Collegial bodies during the formation and development of absolute monarchy in Russia
- The social system in Russia in the first half of the XNUMXth century
- The development of the form of state unity of Russia in the first half of the XNUMXth century
- Changes in the state mechanism of Russia in the first half of the XIX century. Under Alexander I
- Changes in the state mechanism of Russia under Nicholas I. Systematization of Russian legislation in the first half of the XNUMXth century.
- Personal and property rights and obligations of peasants who emerged from serfdom. Temporarily liable peasants and peasant owners
- Military and judicial reforms in the second half of the XNUMXth century
- Reforms of the second half of the XNUMXth century: zemstvo, city and Stolypin agrarian reforms
- State system of Russia in 1900-1914
- Basic state laws as amended in 1906
- State system and development of law in Russia during the First World War
- The state and law of Russia at the beginning of 1917
- State and Law of Russia in June-October 1917
- Development of the form of state unity in October 1917 - July 1918 Creation of the Soviet state apparatus
- Changes in the social system of Russia after October 1917
- Sources of Soviet law in 1917-1918. Appeal to "Workers, Soldiers and Peasants"
- Decrees “On Peace”, “On Land”, “On the Formation of a Workers’ and Peasants’ Government”
- "Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia". Development and adoption of the constitution of the RSFSR of 1918 Principles of democracy according to the constitution of the RSFSR of 1918
- Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918: principles of federation, suffrage, supreme bodies of state power and administration
- Family and financial law in 1917-1918
- Bodies of state power and administration during the Civil War
- Law enforcement and judicial authorities during the Civil War
- The development of the form of state unity during the Civil War
- Development of law during the Civil War
- Marriage and family law according to the CZAGS of the RSFSR 1918
- Development of the state apparatus during the NEP years. All-Union Congress of Soviets, Central Executive Committee of the USSR
- The development of the state apparatus during the years of the NEP. Council of People's Commissars, law enforcement agencies
- Education of the USSR. Constitution of the USSR 1924 Criminal Code of the RSFSR 1922
- Civil Code of the RSFSR 1922
- Family law during the NEP
- The foreign policy of the Soviet state in the prewar period in 1920 - early 1930s
- The foreign policy of the Soviet state in 1939-1940
- The development of the form of state unity in 1930-1941
- Preparation and adoption of the USSR Constitution of 1936. Changes in financial law in 1930-1941
- General characteristics of the legal system in 1930-1941. Changing family and criminal law
- Restructuring of the state apparatus during the Great Patriotic War
- Changing the form of state unity during the Great Patriotic War
- Changes in civil and family law during the Great Patriotic War
- Changes in criminal law during the Great Patriotic War
- The foreign policy of the Soviet state in 1945 - early 1950s
- State mechanism in 1945 - early 1950s. Civil, family and financial law
- Changes in the state apparatus in the mid-1950s - mid-1960s
- Development of law in the mid-1950s - mid-1960s
- The development of the form of state unity in the mid-1950s - mid-1960s. Fundamentals of Civil Legislation of the Union of the SSR and Union Republics, 1961
- State mechanism in the mid-1960s
- State mechanism in the late 1960s - mid-1980s
- USSR Constitution 1977
- The development of law in the mid-1960s - mid-1980s Administrative, housing and family law
- The development of law in the mid-1960s - mid-1980s Labor, land and environmental law
- The development of law in the mid-1960s - mid-1980s Agricultural, criminal, corrective labor law
- The collapse of the political system in the mid-1980s - mid-1990s
- The main directions of development of law in the mid-1980s - early 1990s.
- The main directions of development of law in the early 1990s
- The main directions of development of law in the mid-1990s
REFORM OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY: ZEMSTY, CITY AND STOLYPIN AGRARIAN REFORM
Zemsky Reform. In 1864, zemstvo self-government bodies were created in Russia. The system of zemstvo bodies was two-level: at the level of the district and the province. The administrative bodies of the zemstvo were called assemblies, and the executive bodies were called councils. Members of the council were appointed by the zemstvo assembly at the appropriate level.
District zemstvo assemblies were elected by landowners (landowners), urban residents, even representatives of communal peasants had a certain number of seats in them. Provincial zemstvo assemblies were formed by uyezd zemstvo assemblies of a given province. The chairman of the provincial zemstvo assembly was approved in office by the minister of internal affairs and the governor of the corresponding province. The competence of zemstvo self-government bodies included the solution of local economic problems. Members of zemstvo assemblies were elected for 3 years, their partial rotation took place annually.
City Reform. In 1870, the “City Regulations” were published, introducing all-class local government in cities. The members of the city duma elected the mayor and members of the city council from among themselves. The competence of self-government bodies in cities corresponded to the competence of zemstvo institutions in rural areas. The Russian Minister of Internal Affairs or the governor of a given region could suspend the decision of the city duma.
P.A. Stolypin (1862-1911) during the years of the First Russian Revolution, he first became the Minister of the Interior, and a little later (since 1906) - the Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) of the Russian Empire.
In 1906, a Decree was issued, according to which every peasant-household owner received the right to demand from his community the provision of a land allotment in private ownership. This establishment was enshrined in the Regulations on land management issued on May 29, 1911. The regulation regulated the procedure for the activities of land management commissions. whose powers included, in particular, the delimitation of land allotments of peasants who left the community. It also provided for the possibility of abolishing the peasant community at the request of only a certain part of its members.
All those peasant communities were subject to liquidation, where land redistribution (regular redistribution of land plots between community members) had not been carried out for more than 24 years.
The Stolypin agrarian reform was aimed at the destruction of the peasant community, the formation of a layer of kulaks - independent agricultural producers and led to a significant stratification of the peasantry. Along with the prosperous kulaks, numerous landless laborers (poor peasants) appeared, who later became the basis of the revolutionary processes in the countryside.
An important role in the reform was played by the Peasants' Bank, cat. issued loans to peasants for the purchase of land, was a state. intermediary in the sale of landed estates.
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