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CULTURAL AND WILD PLANTS
Daisy. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application
Directory / Cultivated and wild plants Content
Daisy, Bellis. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism Sort by: Daisy (Bellis) Family: Asteraceae (Asteraceae) Origin: Europe and North Africa Area: The plant is widely distributed throughout Europe, North Africa and Asia. Currently grown throughout the world. Chemical composition: Daisy contains essential oil, salicylic acid, coumarins, carotenoids, vitamin C and flavonoids. Economic value: Daisies are used to decorate gardens and flower beds, and as a medicinal plant. Daisy extracts are used in cosmetics for skin care. Daisies are also prescribed in folk medicine as a remedy for headaches, colds and coughs. Legends, myths, symbolism: In Germanic mythology, the daisy is associated with the goddess Frigg (or Frija), who is the goddess of love, beauty, and marriage. According to legend, Frigga loved to walk in meadows adorned with flowers, and therefore the daisy became her favorite flower. In this mythology, the daisy symbolizes love, beauty, and marriage. In medieval Europe, the daisy was used in love spells. The legend says that if a girl picks a daisy and calls out the name of her lover, then he will certainly appear in her life. Symbolically, the daisy can be associated with the concepts of childhood, innocence, purity, and love. Daisy is often used in floristry to create bouquets and compositions that symbolize tenderness and romance.
Daisy, Bellis. Description, illustrations of the plant Daisy. Legends, myths, history
Translated from Greek, daisy means pearl. Indeed, countless little daisy flowers seem like little pearls. Small, bright flowers scattered over a green carpet are very reminiscent of the beads of a necklace that fell from the neck of some beauty. Indeed, countless little daisy flowers seem like little pearls. And these pearls are really beautiful! Even Pliny gave daisies the generic name bellis - beautiful. Daisy is one of the first to open after sunrise and for this it is affectionately called the "eye of the day." From this name (day's eye) in England, where this plant is especially loved, the diminutive name daisy (Desi), which the British call daisies, was formed. According to legend, Countess Margarita gave a carnation for happiness to her fiancé, the knight Orlando, who went to the Holy Land to free the Holy Sepulcher from the Saracens. Orlando fell in battle and one of the knights handed over to Margarita a lock of her blond hair found on it and a withered carnation flower, which turned from white to red from Orlando's blood. Seeds have already formed in the flower, and Margarita sowed them in memory of her fiancé. They grew into beautiful daisies. In the middle of the century, the knights, who received consent from their loved ones for marriage, minted blooming daisies on a steel shield. Louis IX, in honor of his wife Margaret, ordered this flower to be depicted along with lilies on the state flag. In the middle of the century, the knights, who received consent from their loved ones for marriage, minted blooming daisies on a steel shield.
In one of the legends about the origin of daisies on earth, they say that a rich old man fell in love with a very beautiful girl. He followed her everywhere and gave rich gifts to her parents. But the girl ran away, hid from him, and, finally, having lost all hope of salvation, she asked for protection from the earth, and the earth turned her into a daisy that blooms almost all year round. There is a legend connected with the earthly life of the Mother of God. Once in winter, the Most Holy Theotokos wanted to please little Jesus, but did not find a single flower and decided to make it herself. The Mother of God sewed daisies out of silk and thread. She gave them to Jesus and he liked them very much. He kept them all the long winter, and when spring came, little Jesus planted them in the ground and began to water them. Flowers began to grow and bloom. They spread throughout the earth, and there was no place where they could not be found. According to another legend, when Mary was still a girl, one night she looked at the sky dotted with stars. And she had a desire that the stars, these wonderful stars, become earthly flowers, and she could play with them. The stars were immediately reflected in the brilliant drops of dew, and when the next morning the sun illuminated the earth, it was all dotted, like the sky with stars, with white flowers. Daisies are called the flowers of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Christian legends tell about it. Somehow the Blessed Virgin Mary received good news from the archangel Gabriel. She went to inform her relative Elizabeth about this. She had a long way to go. The Mother of God walked through the mountains and valleys of Judea, and when she passed through the fields, wherever her foot touched the ground, small brilliant white flowers grew. Thus, the entire path that the Virgin Mary made formed a flower path. These flowers were modest white daisies, the petals of which resembled the glory of God, and the golden mean is the sacred fire burning in the heart of Mary. Daisy found its reflection in Russian legends. When Sadko came ashore, Lyubava, yearning for her lover, rushed towards him like a bird. The pearls of her necklace scattered like hail on the ground, and from these pearls emerged daisies. For many nations, the daisy is the emblem of kindness and cordiality. In England, she enjoys universal love and is sung in many folk songs. According to village children, this flower is a harbinger of spring. And before spring comes into its own, you must step on 12 daisies, and if you miss the opportunity to step on the first daisy you see in the spring, then the daisies will cover you or one of your close friends before the end of the year. Author: Martyanova L.M.
Daisy. Botanical description, plant history, legends and folk traditions, cultivation and use
There is a very beautiful legend about the origin of this small white or pinkish flower, which forms beautiful borders on our flower beds and beautiful groups on a green lawn. They say that the Most Holy Theotokos, wishing one winter to please the little Jesus and give him a wreath of flowers, not finding any in the cold-beaten fields, decided to make them artificially from silk herself. And so, making various flowers, she made some that especially pleased the baby Jesus. They were small daisies, made of yellow silk and thick white threads. Preparing them, the Most Holy Theotokos pricked her fingers with a needle more than once, and drops of her blood dyed these threads in places in a reddish or pinkish color. That is why, in addition to white petals, there are also pinkish ones, and on the underside they are often painted red. Baby Jesus liked these flowers so much that he kept them all winter like a jewel, and when spring came, he planted them in the valley of Nazareth and began to water them. And suddenly these artificial flowers came to life, took root, began to grow and, growing more and more, moving from one country to another, soon spread throughout the earth. And now, as if in remembrance of this miracle, these lovely flowers bloom from early spring to late autumn, and there is no country in the world where they could not be found. According to another legend, daisies are called "flowers of the Blessed Virgin Mary" and the following is told about the origin of this name. When the Blessed Virgin Mary, having received the good news from the Archangel Gabriel, went to tell her relative Elizabeth about this, she had to walk for a long time through the mountains and valleys of Judea. And so, when she passed through the fields, everywhere, where only the foot of the future Mother of God touched the ground, small brilliant white flowers grew everywhere, so that her whole path, indicated by them, formed, as it were, a whole flower path. These flowers were our modest white daisies. The white petals surrounding them in the form of radiance resembled the glory of God, and the golden mean is the sacred fire that burned in the heart of Mary. On the other hand, it happened like this. When the Blessed Virgin Mary, while still a child, looked at the sky at night, dotted with countless brilliant stars, she expressed her desire: how good it would be if all these wonderful stars became earthly flowers and she could play with them. Then the stars, having heard this wish, were immediately reflected in the brilliant drops of dew that covered the ground plants, and when the next morning the sun illuminated the earth, it was all dotted with white flowers, like stars. The Blessed Virgin was delighted, adorned herself with them and said that they would forever be her favorite flowers and let them be called the flowers of Mary. Since then, the story ends, these flowers contain happiness, and they are asked about it, counting and cutting off their petals. These are the Christian legends about the origin of the daisy, but this flower also has pagan ones. The Latin legend says: when one day the lovely forest dryad Belides danced and frolicked with her beloved Ephigeus, she attracted the attention of the Etruscan god of the seasons - Vertumn, who, seduced by her, wanted to hug her at all costs and take her away with him. In despair and impotence, the poor thing, not knowing what to do, how to get rid of the old man who relentlessly pursued her, appealed to the immortals to save her, and the gods, taking pity on her, turned her into a pretty wild flower. This flower was called Bellis perrenis - the eternal beauty, which is now used to designate our daisy in science.
According to another legend, the daisy arose from the ashes of Alceste, the wife of the Thessalian king Admetus, who sacrificed her life to save her husband's life. This Admetus was a favorite of Apollo, who begged the goddesses of fate Moir not to let him die at the appointed hour, if anyone else agrees to accept death for him. The hour comes, but none of the friends dare to die for him. Even elderly parents, and they do not want to sacrifice their lives for him. Only the faithful wife of his Alceste refuses the full joy of life and dies for him. Then Hercules, who came to him during the accomplishment of his exploits, having accidentally learned about this great selfless and generous deed, decides to bring her back to life at all costs. He goes to Hell and seeks from Thanatos, the god of death, so that he again returns her to earth; but since in human form she can no longer return, she appears in the form of a flower - a daisy. Let's say by the way that the flower got its name from the Greek word margarites, meaning "pearl", since its countless white flowers covering the green meadows really seem like pearls. In the northern sagas, the daisy was also dedicated to the goddess of spring, and every spring a goblet of this goddess was wrapped around a garland of its flowers. In addition, her flowers were sacrificed to the goddess of love - Freya, and therefore she was often given the name of the flower of love and the bride of the sun. In this last name and the sacrifice of the flower to the goddess of love lies, according to many scholars, the origin of the well-known role of this flower as a love oracle. This role of a fortune-telling flower - "loves, does not love" the daisy, apparently, begins to play from time immemorial and, moreover, not only in one particular state, but in almost all Western European states, except perhaps England. In German, there is even a special popular name for it - "Maasliebchen", that is, a measure of love, which dates back to ancient times and is based on an old children's game, combined with the tearing off of its petals. Having gone far into a forest or a field and being afraid that their parents would scold them, children in Germany usually took and still take such a daisy and, tearing off its petals, wonder whether they will be scolded at home or not, saying: “Beating, scolding , good words". And the word at which the last petal will be torn off should indicate what awaits them. In a word, they do the same thing that, we see, our young people (especially the young ladies) are doing now, cutting off the petals and saying: “He loves, does not love, he will spit, kiss, press to his heart, send to hell”, and what was deduced even Goethe in Faust, when, walking in the garden arm in arm with Faust, Margarita plucks a daisy and, tearing off its petals, whispers: "He loves, no; He loves, no; He loves..." Only in our time, this oracle is more often not a small daisy, called paquerette in French, but a beautiful large field chamomile (popovnik) with a yellow middle and large white rays, which has fewer petals, and these petals are much more larger, so that, consequently, it is easier to cut them off, and the result can be achieved sooner. If we are not mistaken, the scene in Faust also takes place with the same chamomile. In addition to Germany, the little daisy played the role of a love oracle also among the rural population of many provinces of France, and in Normandy from time immemorial there is even a song: "Daisy, little flower, red around the edges and with a green border, open (tell) the fate of my love" . This song was accompanied by the cutting of petals and divination by them. Especially, however, this method of fortune-telling was developed in the Middle Ages, when instead of a daisy they often even resorted to knots on a randomly plucked blade of grass, the number of which also determined the fate awaiting the fortuneteller.
In general, the daisy played a significant role at that time, especially among the knights. And the knight, whose beloved agreed to give him her heart, received the right to depict a daisy on his shield. If the beloved did not want to tell him either “yes” or “no”, and only seemed to be inclined to this, then in response to the love expressed by him, she gave him a wreath of daisies, which in the medieval language of flowers meant “I’ll think again” . And such a modest, even funny, in our opinion, wreath inspired strong hope in the heart of a knight, making his heart beat faster, and the knight himself - to show miracles of courage and even sacrifice his life. Especially this poetic, dreamy love, which forced, as we have just said, to perform sometimes amazing feats and not spare one's life, reigned during the time of the troubadours, when worship of the lady of the heart reached, so to speak, its apogee. At this time, the game of frank daisy arose in France - fortune-telling by its petals. Looking through the chronicles of that time, now and then you come across stories about these fortune-telling. In addition, even the very image of a daisy, due, perhaps, to the similarity of its name with the name of many women distinguished in the Middle Ages by their beauty or some other qualities, was considered at that time the height of grace and expression of respect. So, they say that at the solemn dinner given by Charles the Bold on the day of his marriage to the English princess Margaret, a miracle of mechanics of that time appeared - an automatic machine in the form of a unicorn. On the back of this fabulous animal was a leopard holding a shield with the state emblem of England in one paw, and a daisy in the other. Having circled the table, the unicorn stopped in front of the duke, and the knight accompanying him, taking this daisy from the paw of the leopard, handed it to the duke, while saying a witty pun related to the princess and the flower. A similar chivalrous greeting was expressed to Margarita, daughter of Francis I, when, having married Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy, she arrived in her husband's homeland. As soon as she set foot on the land of Savoy, she was immediately presented on behalf of her husband with an elegant gold, jeweled wedding basket, all filled with lovely white daisies and tied with a beautiful pink ribbon with the inscription: "Each flower has its charm (dignity), but If I were presented with a choice of a thousand flowers at once, then I would still choose a daisy. Louis the Pious also connected this flower with the name of his wife Margarita. He ordered to make a crucifix, which he placed in the form of a coat of arms on his ring, and to surround it with a wreath of daisies and lilies. Thus, this ring always reminded him of the Savior, France and his dear wife. Since that time, this name has become a favorite among princesses. It was worn by the Duchess of Anjou, mother of Henry VII, sister of Francis I and others. (In M. Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita, the hostess of the spring ball, which Woland gives every year, must certainly bear the name Margarita.) It is also worn by the mother of the Italian king, extremely popular among the people due to her cordial attitude towards the poor and their children. In connection with her name and her love for the poor, Mantegazza even wrote a fairy tale about the origin of the daisy. “The great sun,” he says, “does not love anything like flowers, cares about nothing like that, and nothing caresses so much. And therefore, all plants for centuries have always asked him for something. Some wanted to be larger, others more fragrant, others wanted to have more beautiful flowers ... Only one modest plant, whose pale white flowers glittered like stars in the meadow, never expressed any desire. This thought once came into the mind of the sun, and it, stopping in front of the plant, asked it: is it satisfied with its fate and does not want anything? - Thank you, - answered the plant, - I feel quite happy the way the Lord created me. - That's fine of you, - said the sun, - but think, maybe you have some desire, and I would very much like to fulfill it if you would express it to me. - In that case, let me bloom at any time of the year. I rejoice when children tear me down and play with me: I love children so much. “Let it be your way,” answered the sun, “and since you are the only one among all the flowers in your modesty and look like a pearl, then from now on be called a daisy.” Saying this, the sun touched its flowers with one of its rays and left a yellow circle in the middle as its seal, and its petals, parting to the sides, formed something like a solar radiance. If proud orchids, Mantegazza concludes his tale, adorn royal vases, if marvelous roses strew Persian carpets with their petals, then the modest daisy receives more cordial caresses than anyone, since she lives among the people and their children, where joys are rarer, but on the other hand, stronger and where the feeling of tenderness has not yet become a laughingstock ... " With the same kind of symbol of cordiality, we meet the daisy on the marvelous monument erected to the untimely deceased Austrian Empress Elisabeth. This monument makes a charming impression. On a marble block, as if shrouded in a cloud, rests a wonderful statue of the deceased, above it is a star, below on a pedestal a suddenly dying ship is the emblem of her premature death, and on the plinth a bouquet of daisies is the emblem of her kindness and cordiality.
As for England, the daisy enjoyed no less love there than in the rest of Europe. In the songs of Scottish bards, it is sung that for the first time a daisy was brought to earth by the hand of an angel who planted it on the grave of an untimely deceased youth. “He took a star from the sky,” says Ossian in a song where he mourns the death of his son who died during the battle, “and lowered it to the ground in the place where all the hope of the parents was buried; and in this place a star flower grew - daisy". Chaucer in his poems calls it "Day's eye" - the eye of the day, since indeed this flower, as you know, is one of the first to open at sunrise. It was from this name that the gentle, affectionately diminutive name "Daisy" (Desy) was formed, which is given in England both to a woman bearing the name Margarita and to the flower itself. In Charles Dickens' novel "David Copperfield" Steerforth calls his young friend Daisy instead of Davy (a diminutive of David). Marigold, wanting to emphasize his youth and naivete. Shakespeare speaks of the daisy in the most tender terms: "Whose white investements figure innocence" ("her white robe depicts innocence"). Another famous English poet, Montgomery, speaks of her thus: "The rose has but a summer reign // The daisy never dies..." Indeed, in the damp but rather warm climate of England, the daisy can be seen in bloom almost all year round. However, in view of the fact that the daisy in England is sometimes a harbinger of spring, before spring actually appears, it is necessary, according to rural English children, to set foot on 12 daisies. Their even more superstitious parents say that if you miss the chance to set foot on the first daisy you see in the spring, the daisies will cover you or one of your close friends before the year is over. Finally, another outstanding event of recent times is connected with the daisy - the collection of donations in favor of the fight against the most terrible of human diseases - tuberculosis. This public gathering was organized for the first time in Sweden in 1908, and the daisy (for some reason it was called white chamomile) was chosen as a flower, which should have been given as a keepsake to everyone who made their feasible contribution, as the first spring flower, as a herald of spring and renewal of life. In Germany in 1739, this lovely innocent flower was in terrible danger. He was accused, along with dog chamomile, of being poisonous, and the authorities were ordered to destroy it wherever it was found. However, whether because they did not actively enough set about its extermination, or perhaps because the plant itself turned out to be unusually tenacious, but this formidable prescription turned out to be unfulfilled, and the lovely flower still continues to grow everywhere and strew the fields and fields with its numerous white stars. the flowerbeds of our gardens. Author: Zolotnitsky N.
Daisy. Botanical description, plant history, legends and folk traditions, cultivation and use
A dense white fog floats slowly over the earth before sunrise, which makes it seem like a fine rain is drizzling from the sky. Heavy drops fall from tall trees to low ones, from low ones to bushes, from bushes to grass, from grass to the ground: a quiet rustle stands around and subsides only at the very ground, where a small flower, a daisy, lurks in anticipation of dawn. Daisy is one of the first to open after sunrise, for which it is affectionately called the "eye of the day." And in translation from Greek "daisy" - "pearl". Indeed, countless little daisy flowers seem like little pearls. White or pinkish, forming beautiful borders on our flower beds, they have the following legend about their origin: "One impressionable girl, looking at the sky strewn with stars before going to bed, whispered thoughtfully: - Stars, stars, please become flowers so that I can to play with you. The stars, hearing the girl's request, were reflected in the dewdrops, and when the girl woke up, she saw that the whole lawn in front of the house was strewn with white silvery daisies. The sun asked the daisy in the morning: - Are you satisfied and do you want anything else? .. - Thank you! answered the daisy. - I am pleased. Let me just bloom at any time of the year. I love children very much and I am happy when they play with me. So may this joy never cease. The sun, in response, touched the daisy with one of its rays and left a yellow circle in the very center, which caused the petals to move apart, like rays from the sun's radiance.
According to another legend, the daisy is called the eternal beauty: a beautiful girl was pursued by an old man for a long time. Having lost hope of salvation, she asked for protection from the earth, and the earth turned her into a daisy that blooms almost all year round. And according to Russian legend, daisies turned into river pearls from the torn necklace of Lyubava, when she rushed to Sadko, her desired groom. In the Middle Ages, knights who received consent to marriage from their beloved minted blooming daisies on a steel shield. Louis IX, in honor of his wife Margarita, ordered to capture this flower along with lilies on the national flag and on his ring. In many nations, the daisy is an emblem of kindness and cordiality. In England, she enjoys universal love and is sung in many folk songs. The poet Montgomery said of her: "The rose reigns only in summer, but the daisy never fades." Indeed, in the damp climate of England, flowering daisies can be seen almost all year round. Our daisies bloom from April to July, but with the onset of cool and humid weather they can bloom again. Author: Krasikov S.
Daisy, Bellis. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
Ethnoscience:
Cosmetology:
Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!
Daisy, Bellis. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing
Daisy (Bellis) is a genus of herbaceous plants that includes perennial and annual species. It is a popular plant for gardens and landscaping. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing daisies: Cultivation:
Workpiece:
Storage:
Daisies are beautiful and versatile plants that can be used to decorate gardens, create bouquets and decorative arrangements, and make nutritious greens.
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