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History of domestic state and law. Changes in the state apparatus in the mid-1950s - mid-1960s (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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CHANGES IN THE STATE APPARATUS IN THE MID-1950s - MID-1960s

In 1957 the Central Committee of the Kom. Party of the Soviet Union adopted a resolution "On improving the activities of the Soviets of Working People's Deputies and strengthening their ties with the masses." It significantly revived the activities of the local Soviets. New Regulations on local (rural and district) Soviets of Working People's Deputies were adopted in the Union republics.

The sectoral principle of industrial management was replaced by a territorial one. Many ministries were abolished. The Soviet Union was divided into 105 economic administrative regions. In each of them, the Council of Ministers of the corresponding union republic created a council of the national economy (sovnarkhoz), which directed industrial enterprises and construction projects.

The krai and oblast soviets of working people's deputies were divided into industrial and rural ones, to which, respectively, industrial and agricultural regions were subordinate.

The reform was clearly unsuccessful, and soon the industrial and construction ministries, as well as the unified regional and regional Soviets of Workers' Deputies, were restored.

The Special Conference under the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, which had judicial powers, was liquidated.

Due to the allocation of a number of units from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, the KGB was established under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

The regional and regional departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the police were reorganized into unified departments of internal affairs of the executive committees of the regional and regional Soviets of Workers' Deputies. Militia bodies in districts, cities and workers' settlements were transformed into the corresponding departments of the executive committees of district, city and settlement Soviets of Working People's Deputies.

Supervisory commissions were reinstated under the executive committees of the district Soviets of Working People's Deputies (they oversaw the rule of law in the corrective labor institutions of the area).

In Leningrad, for the first time, voluntary people's squads for the protection of public order arose.

The Ministry of Justice of the USSR and the ministries of justice of the union republics were abolished with the transfer of their functions to the Supreme Court of the USSR, the supreme courts of the republics, and regional and regional courts.

The separate system of transport courts was liquidated, the consideration of cases within their jurisdiction was entrusted to the people's courts, regional and regional courts, and the supreme courts of autonomous and union republics.

The Regulations on Prosecutorial Supervision in the USSR were adopted. It was clearly defined that the organs of the USSR prosecutor's office constituted a single centralized system supervising the observance of socialist legality in the country, headed by the Prosecutor General of the USSR.

The supervisory powers of the supreme courts of the Union republics have been expanded at the expense of the supervisory powers of the Supreme Court of the USSR.

The Regulations on military tribunals have been approved. The system of military tribunals, forming a subsystem of military justice, was closed to the system of courts of general jurisdiction through the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR.

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