Menu English Ukrainian russian Home

Free technical library for hobbyists and professionals Free technical library


Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

History of domestic state and law. Development of the form of state unity of Russia in the first half of the 19th century (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Comments on the article Comments on the article

Table of contents (expand)

DEVELOPMENT OF THE FORM OF STATE UNITY OF RUSSIA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY.

Russian Empire in the first half of the XIX century. was basically a unitary state - the provinces were administrative-territorial entities, completely controlled from the imperial center.

At the same time, there were a number of autonomous national formations within the empire, among which, first of all, Finland and Poland should be singled out.

Vyborg province was annexed to Russia by Peter I as a result of the Great Northern War. The rest of Finland, as a Grand Duchy, became part of Russia in 1809 after the victorious completion of another Russian-Swedish war. At the same time, Vyborg Governorate was annexed to the Grand Duchy of Finland. The Russian emperor assumed the title of Grand Duke of Finland, and the unification of Russia and Finland took the form of a personal union.

In Finland, a class (4-chamber) diet was created. The Finnish Senate performed not only judicial, but also government functions.

The Finnish constitution was repeatedly violated by the Russian imperial authorities.

The Polish and Lithuanian lands proper became part of Russia as a result of the third division of the Commonwealth in 1795.

As a result of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, when most of the Principality of Warsaw was re-attached to Russia, Alexander I granted Poland the status of the Kingdom of Poland and the Constitutional Charter. In Poland, as in Finland, the Sejm was created.

In Poland, local law was mostly preserved, even the army, the budget and other attributes of statehood. In particular, Poland, as before, was divided into voivodeships, and not into provinces.

After the Polish uprising of 1830, Nicholas I replaced Alexander's Constitutional Charter with the Organic Statute (1832). The Polish Sejm was abolished, the voivodeships were transformed into ordinary Russian provinces, later other elements of Poland's autonomy were gradually abolished, in 1866 the Kingdom of Poland was finally transformed into the Warsaw Governor General, although the emperor retained the name of the Polish Tsar in his official title.

Certain elements of autonomization also existed in Transcaucasia and the remote eastern territories of the Russian state.

<< Back: The social system in Russia in the first half of the XNUMXth century

>> Forward: Changes in the state mechanism of Russia in the first half of the XIX century. Under Alexander I

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

Tax law. Lecture notes

Valuation and property management. Lecture notes

Innovation management. Crib

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Scavenger robot 02.09.2009

Italian professor Paolo Dario has designed a cleaning robot that, using satellite navigation, moves on wheels around the city and collects all kinds of garbage.

The ultrasonic locator and video camera allow the robot to avoid obstacles, not to collide with passers-by, cars, trees and other objects. Having filled its tank, the automatic cleaner itself searches for a garbage container and dumps its burden there.

Tests of a group of such robots will be carried out in a town with a population of 5000 people.

Other interesting news:

▪ From rhubarb - not only compote

▪ Low-fat frost-resistant pigs have been bred

▪ Named the most attractive type of woman

▪ Bicycle stabilization system

▪ space scavenger

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

 

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Factory technology at home. Article selection

▪ article Fundamentals of harmonious coexistence of society and nature. Basics of safe life

▪ article What is a fossil? Detailed answer

▪ article Zherushnik amphibian. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Slim Jim Colinear Antenna (G2BCX). Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Obtaining doubled bipolar voltages in a converter based on ICL7660 series microcircuits. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

Name:


Email (optional):


A comment:





All languages ​​of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews

www.diagram.com.ua

www.diagram.com.ua
2000-2024