History of domestic state and law. Development of a form of state unity during the Civil War (most important)

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History of domestic state and law. Development of a form of state unity during the Civil War (most important)

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DEVELOPMENT OF THE FORM OF STATE UNITY DURING THE CIVIL WAR

During the years of the Civil War, the formation and strengthening of independent Soviet socialist republics (SSR) led by the RSFSR took place.

Legally, the Ukrainian SSR continued to exist, although its territory was not controlled by the Bolsheviks for a long time. After the liberation, already in March 1919, the 1918st All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets adopted the Constitution of Soviet Ukraine (modeled on the Constitution of the RSFSR of XNUMX). The capital of the republic was first Kharkov, then Kyiv.

In the same year, the First Congress of Soviets of Belarus adopted the Constitution of the Byelorussian SSR, with its capital in Minsk.

Soviet power in the Baltics was crushed. The Latvian SSR and the Lithuanian SSR proclaimed here were liquidated (for some time in 1919 there was a united Lithuanian-Belarusian SSR). Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania became independent bourgeois states.

In 1920-1921. the bourgeois Transcaucasian states - Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia - were liquidated. In 1921, the 1922st Congress of Soviets of the Azerbaijan SSR adopted the first Constitution of Soviet Azerbaijan, with the capital in Baku. At the beginning of 1918, the congresses of the Soviets of the Armenian SSR and the Georgian SSR adopted the first Constitutions of Soviet Armenia, with its capital in Yerevan, and Soviet Georgia, with its capital in Tiflis (Tbilisi). These basic laws of the Soviet republics were created in the model and likeness of the Constitution of the RSFSR of XNUMX.

In Central Asia, in 1920, the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic (on the territory of the Khiva Khanate) and the Bukhara People's Soviet Republic (on the territory of the Bukhara Emirate) were formed.

In 1920, at the Constituent Congress of Transbaikalia in Verkhneudinsk, the Far Eastern Republic was also proclaimed, which became a buffer state between Soviet Russia and Japan.

In 1918-1920. the process of federalization of Soviet Russia continues. At the end of 1918, in accordance with the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR "On the German Colonies of the Volga Region", the Labor Commune of the Volga Germans was formed in the vicinity of Saratov.

At the beginning of 1919, the Bashkir Autonomous Republic was created as part of Russia (at one time, the formation of the Tatar-Bashkir Republic was planned). In 1920, the XNUMXst Congress of Soviets of the Bashkir ASSR took place. At the same time, the autonomy of Tatarstan within the Russian Federation was also secured.

In 1919, at the initiative of the Simferopol Military Revolutionary Committee, in Crimea, on a part of the territory of the former Taurida province, the Crimean SSR was created, which later became an autonomous republic within Soviet Russia.

In 1920, the Kirghiz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was established in the Central Asian territory as part of Russia.

During the Civil War, the Kalmyk, Votskaya (Udmurt), Mari, Chuvash Autonomous Regions, as well as the Karelian Labor Commune, also appeared as part of Soviet Russia.

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