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Labor protection instructions for working divers. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

Introduction

This Instruction establishes the basic safety requirements for a working diver when performing work under water.

Each diver performing work under water must know and comply with the requirements set out in these Instructions, and the administration of the enterprise is obliged to create conditions for safe work under water and monitor the compliance of the working diver with these Instructions.

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. A working diver is the main performer performing a job or task under water.

1.2. Divers determined by the annual order of the enterprise administration are allowed to perform diving descents and work in the manner established by RD 31.84.01-90.

1.3. The appointment of a working diver is made by the head of the diving descent when distributing duties among the station divers before the start of diving descents and remains until the end of this descent.

1.4. During the period of the diving descent, the working diver reports to the head of the diving descent.

1.5. A working diver must perform only those works that are specified in the task. If it is necessary to perform any other work, it should be started only with the permission of the head of the diving descent.

1.6. A working diver has the right to demand from the managers of the descent and work:

• additional information about the scope of work, technology for their implementation, provision of technical documentation, etc.;
• implementation of all safety measures in accordance with the requirements of RD 31.84.01-90, as well as providing the work with the necessary tools and devices in accordance with the technical documentation for this work.

1.7. A diver dressed in equipment with unprotected hands when working with steel ropes, when inspecting or repairing ships, hydraulic structures, pipelines, etc. must wear gloves or mittens that are appropriate in their protective properties to the nature of the work being performed.

1.8. To prevent infectious and skin diseases, a diver must descend into contaminated water (sewage, fecal water) in equipment that completely isolates him from the environment.

1.9. A working diver who violates the requirements of these Instructions will be held accountable in accordance with the internal regulations of the enterprise.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. During the preparation of a diving descent, a working diver must:

• receive from the descent supervisor a task and instructions on the technology of performing work under water and safety measures. If necessary, familiarize yourself with the technical documentation regarding the execution of the work or task;
• understand the technology and methods of performing the task;
• prepare and conduct operational checks of diving equipment and, if necessary, breathing apparatus for oxygen decompression;
• if any malfunctions of diving equipment are detected during a working check, eliminate them immediately after discovery and make appropriate entries in the diving log;
• report on the results of the working check of diving equipment to the head of the diving descent and confirm with a signature in the diving work log the carrying out of the working check of the equipment and receiving instructions at the workplace;
• with the help of diving station personnel, put on diving equipment.

2.2. The diver must check and prepare for work the tools, devices and equipment intended for use; make sure they are in good working order; do not use unfamiliar, random and untested tools, devices and equipment.

All noticed malfunctions of tools, devices and equipment should be immediately reported to the head of the diving descent.

2.3. Before starting work in the flooded compartments of the ship, the diver must familiarize himself with the location of the premises and the equipment located in them.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. During the period of diving and work under water, a working diver must:

• after receiving permission from the director of the descent to dive, at the command of the supporting diver, begin diving under water without leaving the diving ladder (diving gazebo), make sure that there is a normal air supply, the buoyancy of the equipment and the serviceability of conversational communication;
• after confirming the tightness of the equipment, move to the descent or running end and continue the descent to the place of work;
• go down to the work site, look around, make sure the diving equipment is working properly, the signal end (signal cable) is clean, report on reaching the work site and report your well-being to the descent supervisor;
• when working underwater, follow the commands given by the diving director, keep your hose and signal end (signal cable or control end) clean, while ensuring that their slack is minimal;
• regularly report to the head of the descents about your movements, actions, work performed and well-being, as well as about all changes in the environment.

3.2. When inspecting a damaged vessel that is grounded, the diver must be careful not to go under the hull in tight places, and make sure that the hose and signal end (signal cable) do not get under the hull and are not pinched.

Passing from one side to the other under the keel of the vessel is prohibited.

3.3. A diver working near a damaged area of ​​a ship's hull must be careful not to damage diving equipment on the sharp edges of the hole.

3.4. To prevent tangling of the diving hose and the signal end (signal cable) when working in a flooded compartment, the diver should avoid walking more than 180° around various devices or objects.

The diver is prohibited from touching mechanisms and objects in the upper part of the compartment, and when opening doors and hatches, care should be taken, securing them against spontaneous closing (opening) taking into account the existing list or trim of the vessel.

3.5. When a diver is in the air cushion of a partially flooded compartment (room), it is prohibited to open the helmet window or switch off the breathing apparatus and switch to breathing with the gas composition of the air cushion.

3.6. When examining an object lying on the ground, the diver is prohibited from standing on its floating structures and devices.

3.7. When examining a sunken ship from the outside, the diver must be careful not to fall into an open hatch or hole, and also protect the hose and signal end (signal cable) from getting tangled in the rigging and deck mechanisms.

3.8. If the hose or signal end (signal cable) gets snagged, the diver must reach the snag point, picking up the slack of the hose and signal end (signal cable) with his hand, and release them. After releasing the hose or signal end (signal cable), its slack should be pulled to the surface.

3.9. When sharpening loads, the diver must carefully ensure that the lifting rope does not become entangled with the signal end (signal cable) and the hose, and that the latter do not fall under the sling.

3.10. A diver is prohibited from descending and ascending on a cargo rope.

3.11. The diver is prohibited from being within the radius of action of the lifting device boom, taking into account the dimensions of the cargo.

It is forbidden for a diver to remain in the hold of the ship while the cargo is being lifted.

3.12. When cutting (pulling) a rope under the hull of a sunken ship using surface means, the diver must be lifted to the surface.

The position of the trimming rope should be inspected only after trimming has stopped and the rope has been pulled into a vertical position.

3.13. When washing a tunnel under the hull of a ship lying on the ground with hydro-washing agents, the diver must ensure that the eroded soil does not deposit behind it and does not wash out the exit from the tunnel, for which the diver must periodically wash it out of the tunnel.

3.14. When working with a soil pump, the diver must ensure that its hose and signal end (signal cable) do not become entangled with the soil pump hoses.

3.15. Before descending into a trench or pit, the diver must make sure that the slopes of the trench or pit are formed and do not threaten to collapse.

3.16. The diver is prohibited from:

• when laying cables, be in front of the cable being laid;
• while laying the cable with a cable-laying machine or its working part, be under water;
• lower and ascend the devices supporting the pipeline being laid;
• when dismantling an underwater pipeline, be close to the cable cutting the pipeline;
• use a metal probe or other object to detect power cables;
• inspect hydraulic structures, supports or trestle-type structures without gloves;
• inspect and clean water intake structures without stopping the operation of these structures;
• when performing work at the anchor chain of the vessel, be under the anchor chain;
• carry out work under water when docking or removing a vessel, as well as during trimming or inclining of the vessel;
• carry out welding and cutting under the hull of the vessel using the under-keel end;
• weld and cut vessels, tanks and pipelines under pressure.

3.17. When performing diving work in areas where dangerous marine animals may live, the diver must observe the following precautions:

• move calmly and smoothly in the water;
• avoid contact with unfamiliar species of fish, shellfish, corals, jellyfish, etc.;
• do not touch animals, do not provoke their attack, and if necessary, examine the bottom, cracks, narrow spaces, caves, you should use a pole (probe).

3.18. When working with power tools, the diver must comply with the following safety rules:

• do not use a faulty tool;
• comply with the instructions for use of the tool;
• do not work with a tool with a poorly reinforced working body;
• do not process parts, holding them on weight;
• do not change the working tool (drill, chisel, etc.) while moving, until the tool stops completely;
• do not remove chips from the working body until it stops completely;
• do not touch or pick up a rotating or reciprocating working element;
• When working with a tool, do not hold it by the protective casing, hose or electrical cable;
• before turning on the cutting tool (saws, disc cutters, drilling machines, etc.), you must make sure that the diving hose, signal end (signal cable) and other parts of diving equipment are removed from the working body at a safe distance;
• while operating the tool, make sure that the diving hose and the signal end (signal cable) are behind the working diver and do not have any slack;
• If a malfunction occurs in the tool, you should immediately stop working, turn off the tool and apply it to the surface;
• When the power supply (air, electricity, etc.) to the tool is interrupted or during a break in work, the tool should be turned off.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In case of poor health, an unfavorable change in the situation, a violation of the normal operation of diving equipment or mechanical damage to its individual parts, the working diver must inform the head of the diving descent and act in accordance with his instructions, and if necessary, take urgent measures with a subsequent report and go to the surface in accordance with with the situation.

4.2. If communication means fail, the working diver must act independently in order to prevent and eliminate the emergency, stop work and go to the surface, in accordance with the situation.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. Before ascending to the surface, a working diver must:

• report to the descent leader about the completion of the task and, after receiving permission to reach the surface, confirm its receipt;
• stop work, check the cleanliness of your signal end (signal cable) and hose, place the tool at the workplace or move it upstairs, go to the descent end (diving gazebo) and, taking it in your hands (placing yourself on the gazebo), give the signal to rise;
• When ascending, follow the instructions of the diving director regarding the decompression regime, if decompression is carried out in water.

5.2. After entering the launch pad (deck), the working diver must: