Conflictology. Foreign Conflict Studies (Most Important)

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Conflictology. Foreign Conflict Studies (Most Important)

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FOREIGN CONFLICT RESEARCH

The specifics of foreign studies of conflicts were influenced by studies of sociology, political science and psychology, since within the framework of these scientific areas the subject of research was often the conflict.

Several features of foreign conflict studies can be noted.

1. A longer history of research in this area (the first steps in creating a theory of conflict were taken in the second half XNUMXth century.).

2. Applied goals and objectives dominate in conflictology abroad, therefore empirical research is of greater value than theory development.

3. The presented views on conflict issues are more diverse, variant and polarized - all this expands the theoretical boundaries of understanding conflicts.

4. There are special scientific journals devoted to conflict research and conflictology.

Psychological studies of the conflict took place in the following areas: behavioral conflicts; interaction conflicts or interactionist direction; conflict as a consequence of frustration; the natural aggressiveness of a person is the main cause of conflicts in the etiological approach; the influence of the environment, the group and its development on conflicts; studies of conflicts, explaining their nature by the presence of social instincts and fears in people - a sociotropic direction; psychoanalytic direction; study of the negotiation process in conflict resolution; experiments on modeling conflict situations; study of the behavioral styles of the subjects of the conflict.

Such a variety of psychological studies of conflicts have yielded significant results, the data have made it possible to formulate many theoretical approaches in conflictology.

For example, the strategies of human behavior in a conflict situation, identified R. Blake, K. Thomas and J. Mouton (accommodation, competition, compromise, cooperation, avoidance) have had a great influence on the theory of conflict resolution.

Sociological studies of conflict are recognized as identical to research in modern conflictology, because the main theories of conflictology were developed precisely thanks to the research of sociologists. Sociological research that has become significant for conflictology: theories of functional conflict (G. Simmel, L. Koser), structural-functional approach (T. Parsons), theories of conflict in society (K. Boulding, R. Dahrendorf).

Conflict Studies in Political Science contributed to conflictology through the theory of political groups (G. Mosca, A. Bentley), political stability studies (J. Blondel, S. Lipset) and social elite (V. Pareto).

Author: Kuzmina T.V.

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