Conflictology. K. Boulding's theory of conflict (the most important)

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Conflictology. K. Boulding's theory of conflict (the most important)

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THE THEORY OF CONFLICT K. Boulding

The American sociologist had a significant influence on the formation of conflictology Kenneth Boulding (1910-1993).

In his work "Conflict and Defense: A General Theory" (1963) he tried to reflect his concept "General Theory of Conflict".

boulding I am convinced that conflict is a characteristic feature of any process and any environment in society, including chemical, biological, physical. Regardless of the conditions in which the conflict was born, its functions, stages of development, methods of resolution will be identical. Conflict is a general and universal category.

boulding explained this by the special nature and form of human behavior. It is human nature to use violent methods to achieve their goals, to fight with surrounding individuals for the necessary resources.

That is why all social interactions are predominantly conflict.

This can be countered by:

▪ human mind;

▪ standards of morality and ethics.

The general theory of conflict distinguishes two models of conflict:

1) statistical;

2) dynamic.

In the statistical model, conflict is a system of two elements:

1) conflicting parties or objects;

2) the relationship that arises between them.

In a statistical conflict, the parties compete with each other for a particular position or resource that excludes mutual possession. The dynamic model of conflict is based on the principle of behaviorism, which states that the behavior of a person or animal is based on a stimulus that comes from the “stimulus-response” environment. Acting according to his own interests and various motives and facing difficulties in satisfying his social needs, a person is forced to build his behavior within the framework of the conflict. The motives of people are more complex in comparison with the motives of animals, some of them may be latent. Collisions in society can be called "reactive processes" and be considered conflicts.

In the dynamic model, conflict is diverse and dynamic.

boulding believes that it is possible to determine the main cause of the conflict - the incompatibility of the needs of the warring parties. Or, in other words, the principle that the sociologist called “scarcity” - the scarcity and limitation of resources that individuals strive to possess.

It is also possible to resolve or prevent conflicts using the principles of behaviorism, in particular the principle of learning. Conflicts in society can be modeled and, with the help of games, rational ways of behavior can be worked out, creating a plan or strategy of behavior in a conflict situation. The latter ultimately lead to harmonious and non-violent interaction in society.

Author: Kuzmina T.V.

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