History of medicine. Pediatrics (most important)

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History of medicine. Pediatrics (most important)

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46. Pediatrics

Stepan Fomich Khotovitsky - doctor, one of those who laid the foundations of pediatrics in Russia. S. F. Khotovitsky graduated from the Medical-Surgical Academy in St. Petersburg in 1817. From 1822, he began teaching forensic medicine there, as well as obstetrics, etc. In 1830, S. F. Khotovitsky became a professor, and already in 1832 - Head of the Department of Obstetrics, Women's and Children's Diseases.

Khotovitsky was the first to give a full course of lectures on childhood illnesses (1836). In 1847, the fundamental work of S. F. Khotovitsky was published, which was the first guide to pediatrics in Russia and was called "Pediatrics". Here are a number of works by Khotovitsky: “On Anthrax” (1831).

In the second half of the XIX century. was a prominent pediatrician in Russia Nil Fedorovich Filatov (1847-1903). He was a follower of Zakharyin. Filatov graduated from the medical faculty of Moscow University, and in 1876 he defended his doctoral dissertation, the topic of which was "On the relationship of bronchitis to acute catarrhal pneumonia". It is necessary to note the subtle observation of this doctor.

He was a good clinician who described a number of previously unknown diseases. For 25 years, he described glandular fever, scarlet fever, a latent form of malaria, and he studied acute childhood infections such as chicken pox, measles, scarlet fever, diphtheria. In addition to all this, N. F. Filatov was a talented teacher.

He has written a number of major textbooks on diseases in childhood. The following works by Filatov were widely disseminated: "Clinical Lectures" (1881-1902), "Lectures on Acute Infectious Diseases" (1885), "Textbook of children's diseases" (1893-1902), "Semiotics and diagnosis of childhood diseases" (1890). More than one generation of doctors was brought up on these textbooks.

In the book dedicated to the bicentenary of the Faculty of Medicine of Moscow State University, it is noted that "N. F. Filatov is the largest representative of the doctrine of childhood diseases in Russia, the founder of the Russian pediatric school, who enriched pediatrics with original guidelines and numerous scientific works." Among the students of N. F. Filatov, special fame received G. N. Speransky, V. M. Molchanov.

It is also necessary to note Nikolai Petrovich Gundobin (1860-1908). He developed the ideas of S. F. Khotovitsky. N.P. Gundobin studied the age characteristics of the child quite deeply in relation to the goals of the pediatric clinic. Under the leadership of Gundobin, a book was published in 1906 "Peculiarities of childhood Basic facts for the study of childhood diseases"

Author: Bachilo E.V.

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