History of medicine. M. Ya. Mudrov and his teaching (the most important)

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History of medicine. M. Ya. Mudrov and his teaching (the most important)

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34. M. Ya. Mudrov and his teaching

Matvey Yakovlevich Mudrov (1776-1831) - dean of the medical faculty of Moscow University, one of the most outstanding therapists of that time. Mudrov's pedagogical and scientific views were based on the democratic tradition characteristic of Russian medicine, the doctrine of the integrity and individuality of the patient's body, the ideas of nervism and highly humane principles of approach to the suffering. Matvey Yakovlevich Mudrov repeatedly expressed his social and scientific views at ceremonial meetings of Moscow University. Probably the most complete idea of his views is given by the speech “A Word on the Way to Teach and Learn Practical Medicine or Active Medical Art in the Bedsides of the Sick” (1820). In this speech (as well as in other works of Mudrov), a program of approach to the prevention of the healthy and to the treatment of the sick was outlined, and a number of provisions were put forward that became aphorisms.

1. "We should not treat the disease itself, for which we do not find parts and names, we should not treat the cause of the disease, which is often unknown to us, the patient, or those around him, but the patient himself, his composition, his organ, his strength."

2. "The same disease, but in two different patients requires a very different approach."

3. “Starting with love for my neighbor, I should instill in myself all the others that stem from one medical virtue, namely: helpfulness, readiness to help at all times, day and night; friendliness that attracts the timid and the brave; mercy towards strangers and the poor, unselfish indulgence towards the sins of the sick, gentle severity towards their disobedience, polite importance towards the superiors;

talk only about what is necessary and useful; modesty and modesty in any case; moderation in food; inviolable peace of mind and spirit in the face of the dangers of the patient; gaiety without laughter and jokes in occasional family disturbances; curbing the language in competitions for whatever reason; cordial acceptance of good advice, no matter who it comes from, convincing rejection of harmful suggestions and advice, removal from superstition; chastity. in a word, wisdom. Medicine should be combined with wisdom, because, according to Hippocrates, a doctor who loves wisdom is like a father.

4. The doctor must "... guide the sick well for the sake of health, take care of the healthy so that he does not get sick, take care of the healthy and for the sake of well-being of behavior."

5. "To take healthy people into your own hands, to protect them from hereditary or threatening diseases, to provide them with a proper way of life, to eat honestly and calmly for a doctor. And it is easier to protect from diseases than to treat them."

Mudrov repeatedly emphasized the importance of the influence of the psyche, which he associated with the activity of the brain, demanded "to investigate the actions of the soul, depending on the brain, states of mind, melancholy, sleep."

Author: Bachilo E.V.

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