Investments. Stages of development and implementation of an investment project (the most important)

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Investments. Stages of development and implementation of an investment project (the most important)

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STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INVESTMENT PROJECT

Investment projects can be innovative. Despite the variety of possible ideas, each investor evaluates his financial capabilities, the level of competition, return on invested capital, risk and other factors of project implementation in the future.

Any investment project goes through three stages of development and implementation: pre-investment, investment and operational, which together make up its life cycle.

The first pre-investment stage includes the following activities:

▪ checking the original design of the project;

▪ drawing up assignments for the development and justification of the project;

▪ development of a business plan;

▪ choosing the location of the object;

▪ allocation of investments for design;

▪ holding tenders for design;

▪ selection of a design organization and conclusion of an agreement with it;

▪ development of a feasibility study for the project;

▪ development of design and estimate documentation;

▪ approval of design and estimate documentation;

▪ allocation of land for construction;

▪ obtaining a construction permit;

▪ holding tenders for construction;

▪ development of working documentation;

▪ conclusion of a contract agreement.

The extent of due diligence varies from the requirements of the investor, possibly funding from the time allotted for their implementation. Allocate three levels of due diligence:

feasibility studies; preparatory, or pre-project, research; feasibility assessment or feasibility studies. The general document of pre-investment research is the business plan of the investment project.

The cost of conducting the pre-investment stage of research in the total amount of capital investments is quite high.

Investment stage project implementation consists of the following activities: construction of facilities included in the project; installation of equipment; commissioning; production of prototypes; reaching design capacity. During the investment stage of the project, the assets of enterprises are formed, contracts for the supply of raw materials and components are concluded, workers and employees are recruited, and a portfolio of orders is formed.

Operational stage project significantly affects the effectiveness of invested funds in the project. The further its upper limit is carried in time, the greater the total income will be. During this phase, ongoing monitoring of the economic performance of the project is carried out so that the investor can compare the project's performance with their expectations.

Author: Kuznetsova S.A.

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