Investments. Basic principles of the investment and construction sector (the most important)

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Investments. Basic principles of the investment and construction sector (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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MAIN PRINCIPLES OF THE INVESTMENT AND CONSTRUCTION SPHERE

The formation and functioning of a market economy is carried out in compliance with certain principles. An assessment of the degree of their implementation makes it possible to determine the level of development of market relations in the country. The most significant principles in the investment and construction sector are as follows.

The principle of market forms of pricing. Pricing in the market regulation of the economy in the country is carried out in two forms.

These are free prices for most goods, works and services, i.e. the price is determined on the market, in the process of coordinating the interests of participants in investment and construction activities.

In a number of cases, prices for goods (works, services) are regulated by the state, although they are set either by manufacturers or by special commissions. This situation develops if the producers of products, according to certain criteria, are monopolists.

For the most part, these are the organizational structures of natural monopolies. Liberalization of business activities. The implementation of this principle allows any legal entity or individual to engage in any type of activity, with the exception of certain types of activities prohibited by law. In construction organizations, this principle has now been implemented almost completely: restrictions occur only when carrying out some special construction and installation work.

The presence of various forms of ownership with a predominance of private. Thus, almost all construction organizations in the Russian Federation have private and mixed forms of ownership, formed as a result of privatization.

Demonopolization and concentration of production. It is known that monopoly reduces competition. The openness of the domestic and foreign markets, which, on the one hand, increases the number of competitors for Russian organizations, and on the other hand, facilitates the conclusion of contracts for the performance of construction work by Russian organizations and the receipt of additional funds.

Contractual forms of relationships between economic entities. The mechanism for searching and fixing the relationship between the parties in contracts is decided on the basis of holding investment tenders and contract tenders.

The exclusive right of the owner to regulate the activities of economic entities, when the owner either directly manages the activities of the organization, or indirectly implements his desires through his intermediary in order to use his capital most efficiently.

Construction organizations are created and operate in the following organizational and legal forms: joint-stock companies, limited liability companies, production cooperatives and economic partnerships.

Author: Kuznetsova S.A.

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