Investments. Sources of financing capital investments (most important)

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Investments. Sources of financing capital investments (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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SOURCES OF FINANCING OF CAPITAL INVESTMENTS

These include funds accumulated in trust funds, in the accounts of enterprises and allocated for capital investments: during the construction of facilities - to pay for design and survey, construction and installation work, and the purchase of equipment; when purchasing objects to pay their price.

Financing of capital investments is made at the expense of:

1) the investor's own financial resources and on-farm reserves (profits, depreciation of accumulated funds and savings of citizens, legal entities, insurance funds (compensation for losses from fires, natural disasters, etc.));

2) borrowed finance of the investor or his funds (bond loans, etc.);

3) attracted financial resources of investors (sale of shares, share contributions of members of labor collectives, citizens, legal entities);

4) financial resources provided by organizations, namely unions of enterprises;

5) off-budget funds and their funds;

6) the federal budget and its funds provided on a non-refundable and reimbursable basis, and funds from the budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation;

7) foreign investors and their funds.

Capital investment and its financing for construction projects can be carried out both at the expense of one and at the expense of several sources.

The borrowed funds of organizations that finance capital investments include: loans from banks and investment funds, companies, insurance companies, pension funds, etc.; loans from foreign investors; bond loans; bills.

Financing methods:

1) centralized;

2) decentralized.

The centralized method - the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Federation, centralized extra-budgetary investment funds, etc., act as a source of financing for capital investments.

Decentralized method - the source is the sources of enterprises and individual developers.

At the enterprise, the main sources of financing are: profit remaining at the disposal of the enterprise; depreciation deductions; funds received from the issue and sale of shares; commercial bank loans; sources of higher organizations; funds of foreign investors, etc. But the main sources of financing capital investments are profit on accumulation and depreciation.

Major changes have now taken place in the area of capital investment financing. The ratio between centralized and decentralized sources of financing capital investments has changed: the share of centralized ones has greatly decreased, while the share of decentralized ones has increased. In the transition to market relations, this phenomenon is considered natural.

Author: Kuznetsova S.A.

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