Accounting. Accounting entries: rules for drawing up. Off-balance sheet accounts (most important)

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Accounting. Accounting entries: rules for drawing up. Off-balance sheet accounts (most important)

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22. Accounting entries: compilation rules. Off-balance sheet accounts

One of the stages of accounting processing of documents is the recording of offsetting accounts on documents - preparation of accounting entries.

accounting entry the text indicating the name of the debited and credited accounts is called.

Distinguish simple и complex accounting entries.

Simple wiring - a record that has only two corresponding accounts.

Complex postings are compiled when a transaction affects more than two accounting objects, which means more than two offsetting accounts: in this case, one account is debited, the rest are credited, and vice versa.

Accounting entries are made in the document itself, which draws up the business transaction, in the statement or journal where the operation is recorded, or on separate special forms (memorial orders).

Memorial Order - this is an accounting document containing an instruction to record a business transaction in the relevant accounting accounts.

To facilitate records, each account is assigned a specific number so that when compiling accounting entries, indicate not the name of the accounts, but their numbers.

When recording business transactions on accounts, they are grouped according to economically homogeneous features. The reflection of business transactions in the accounts of accounting is called a systematic entry.

Along with the systematic organization, a chronological record is used - the registration of business transactions in the sequence in which they are performed. Differences in the economic content of the transaction are not taken into account.

Off-balance sheet accounts are intended to summarize information about the presence and movement of values that do not belong to the enterprise, but are temporarily in its use or disposal. This group includes leased fixed assets, inventory items accepted for safekeeping, and materials accepted for processing, etc.

Off-balance accounts do not correspond with other accounts. One-sided entries are kept on them: either only for debit - an increase, or only for credit - a decrease.

Off-balance sheet accounts are not indicated in the balance sheet, since they are already reflected in the balance sheet of the enterprise that owns the funds and sources of their formation reflected in these accounts.

What is reflected in off-balance sheet accounts? Many enterprises often use property that does not belong to them by right of ownership: leased, accepted for safekeeping, etc. In addition, enterprises can lease fixed assets or receive guarantees from the bank. It is these operations that are reflected in off-balance sheet accounts.

As the practice of conducting audits shows, the accountants of most enterprises do not pay due attention to the registration of transactions on these accounts. And, as a result, the unreliability of accounting in general. After all, business transactions reflected in off-balance accounts, to one degree or another, have an impact on balance sheet accounting.

Since January 1, 2001 enterprises can keep records according to the new Chart of Accounts. The list of off-balance accounts has changed in the new Chart of Accounts.

Author: Kabkova E.N.

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