Table of contents (expand)
- The history of the emergence and development of accounting
- Types of business accounting. Characteristic and relationship
- Features of business accounting in the Russian Federation
- Financial accounting: objects, principles, tasks
- Management accounting: essence and objects
- Methods and principles of management accounting
- Standards of professional behavior of an accountant-analyst. Rights and obligations of the chief accountant
- Essence and functions of accounting
- Goals and objectives of accounting
- Basic Accounting Principles
- International Accounting Principles
- Accounting objects. Their classification
- Documentation of business transactions
- Variety of documents. Classification of primary documents
- Importance of financial statements
- Composition of financial statements
- Publicity of financial statements
- The procedure and terms for the submission of financial statements
- The concept of accounting accounts and their purpose
- Account structure
- Double Entry: Essence and Meaning
- Accounting entries: compilation rules. Off-balance sheet accounts
- Accounting registers and methods of recording in them
- Synthetic and analytical accounting
- Chronological and systematic records
- Turnover, balance, chess statements
- Forms of Accounting
- Organization of the accounting apparatus
- Balance sheet: concept, content, structure
- Basic balance rules
- Tax accounting in the accounting system
- Features of tax accounting
- Economic definition of money. Cash flow statement
- Cash transactions
- Cash in current accounts
- Cash in foreign currency accounts
- Cash in special accounts
- Calculations with accountable persons
- Payments to personnel for other operations
- Settlements with debtors and creditors
- On-farm settlements
- Payments for taxes and fees
- Settlements with suppliers and contractors
- Settlements with buyers and customers
- Payroll
- Accounting for financial investments
- Documentation of fixed assets
- Receipt of fixed assets
- Depreciation of fixed assets
- Disposal of property, plant and equipment
- Repair of fixed assets
- Accounting for intangible assets
- Documentation of inventories
- Accounting for inventories
- Finished product evaluation
- Accounting for the shipment of finished products
- Sales Cost Accounting
- Operating income and expenses
- Non-operating income and expenses
- Deferred income and expenses
- Classification of expenses by ordinary activities
- Financial results
- Accounting for authorized (share) capital
- Accounting for reserve and additional capital
- Accounting for target financing
- Accounting for long-term and short-term loans
- Responsibility center: concept and types
- Costs: concept and classification
- Calculation: concept and types
- Calculation methods
- Closing an organization's cost accounting accounts
- Remuneration of labor: types, forms, accrual procedure
- Organization Personnel Records Documentation
- Documentation on accounting of working hours and settlements with personnel for remuneration
- The concept of accounting policy
- Disclosure and change in accounting policy
- Features of accounting in a small enterprise
- Simplified form of accounting and financial statements for small enterprises
- Accounting for income and expenses from business activities
- The procedure for creating a reserve for doubtful debts
- Accounting for reserves for future expenses
- Inventory: concept, types, reasons, frequency of carrying out
- Requirements and grounds for conducting an inventory
- The main documents used in the inventory check
- Analysis of inventory results
- Documentary revision: essence, types, tasks, features
- Forensic accounting expertise: concept, tasks, difference from documentary audit
- The essence and content of the audit
- Audit activity and its regulation
- Audit Methodology and Auditing Standards
50. Disposal of property, plant and equipment
Items of fixed assets are disposed of due to:
▪ sales;
▪ gratuitous transfer;
▪ write-offs in case of moral and physical wear and tear;
▪ liquidation in case of accidents, natural disasters and other emergency situations;
▪ transfers in the form of a contribution to the authorized (share) capital of other organizations;
▪ transfers under contracts of exchange, gift;
▪ transfer to a subsidiary (dependent) company from the parent organization;
▪ shortages and damage identified during the inventory of assets and liabilities;
▪ partial liquidation during reconstruction work;
▪ in other cases.
The cost of an item of fixed assets that is disposed of or not permanently used for the production of products, performance of work and provision of services, or for the management needs of the organization, is subject to write-off from accounting.
If a fixed asset is written off as a result of its sale, then the proceeds from the sale are accepted for accounting in the amount agreed by the parties in the contract.
Income and expenses from write-off of fixed assets from the accounting records are reflected in the accounting records in the reporting period to which they relate. Income and expenses from writing off fixed assets from accounting are subject to crediting to the profit and loss account as operating income and expenses. Operating income and expenses are recorded on account 91 "Other income and expenses" on sub-accounts.
When objects of fixed assets are disposed of, the amount of depreciation accrued on them is written off from account 02 "Depreciation of fixed assets" to the credit of account 01 "Fixed assets", sub-account "Disposal of fixed assets".
1. The initial cost of fixed assets was written off due to the sale by a third party:
Debit of account 01 "Fixed assets", sub-account "Retirement of fixed assets" Credit of account 01 "Fixed assets".
2. The amount of depreciation for retired fixed assets was written off:
Debit of account 02 "Depreciation of fixed assets" Credit of account 01 "Fixed assets".
3. Written off residual value of fixed assets:
Debit account 91 "Other income and expenses", subaccount "Other expenses"
Credit of account 01 "Fixed assets", sub-account "Retirement of fixed assets".
4. Reflected profit (loss) from the sale of fixed assets:
Debit account 91 "Other income and expenses", sub-account "Balance of other income and expenses" (99 "Profit and loss")
Credit of account 99 "Profits and losses" (91 "Other income and expenses", sub-account "Balance of other income and expenses").
The write-off of fixed assets is carried out on the basis of deed to write off an object of fixed assets. The act indicates the date of acceptance of the object for accounting, the year of manufacture or construction, the time of commissioning, the useful life, the initial cost and the amount of accrued depreciation, revaluations, repairs, reasons for disposal with their justification, the condition of the main parts, parts, assemblies, structural elements.
On the basis of the executed act in the accounting department, a note is made on the disposal of the fixed asset object in the inventory card. Corresponding entries on the disposal of an item of fixed assets are also made in a document opened at its location.
Author: Kabkova E.N.
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