What is blood pressure? Detailed answer

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What is blood pressure? Detailed answer

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What is blood pressure?

The heart is a pump that provides blood circulation in the body. When the left ventricle of the heart contracts, a push occurs. This pushes the blood into the arteries, which expand to receive the incoming blood. But the arteries have a muscular sheath that resists this pressure, and therefore the blood is squeezed out of them into the smaller vessels of the body. Blood pressure is the pressure exerted on the blood as a result of the contraction of the heart and the resistance of the arterial walls.

There are two types of pressure: maximum and minimum. Maximum pressure occurs when the left ventricle contracts; it is called systolic pressure. The minimum pressure observed before the next heartbeat is called diastolic pressure. When your doctor takes your blood pressure, he uses a device that records your blood pressure using a column of mercury that rises and falls under pressure. The scale is marked in millimeters, not inches. The average systolic pressure of a young person is approximately 120 millimeters of mercury.

Diastolic pressure is about 80 millimeters. Usually these numbers are indicated as follows: 120/80 or 120 over 80. When the blood pressure is within these limits, normal blood circulation is ensured without excessive stress on the walls of the blood vessels. But there are numerous deviations from these values, at which the pressure remains normal.

With age, blood pressure gradually increases, and by the age of 60 it has a value of about 140/87. Many factors affect blood pressure. Overweight people often have higher blood pressure than normal weight people. Stress, exercise, and even posture can affect blood pressure.

Author: Likum A.

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