Этика. Благотворительность (самое важное)

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Этика. Благотворительность (самое важное)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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38. Charity

Charity - this is an activity in which private resources are voluntarily distributed by their owners in order to help people in great need, solve social problems, and improve the conditions of public life.

In this case, those in need are understood not only as those in need, but also those people (specialists, artists, politicians, students) and public (i.e. non-political and non-profit) organizations that lack additional resources to solve personal, professional, cultural and civic goals.

Financial and material resources, as well as the abilities and energy of people, can act as private resources. Recently, a stable idea has been formed about charity not only as monetary and property donations, but also as a gratuitous (voluntary) activity. And also as a public (i.e., non-commercial and non-political) matter in the truest sense of the word.

Charity should provide people not with commodities, but with the means by which they can help themselves; support, therefore, is most definitely in that those in need stop being dependent and can be in charge of their lives.

But in this case, charity itself as a purposeful activity should become different: enlightened, scientific, controlled, technological.

Unlike the old philanthropy, which carried the spirit of paternalism, the new philanthropy must become an activity that has in mind the systematic development of society and the large-scale improvement of human life. The methodology of the new approach to charity, which was borrowed from social engineering, is as follows: formulate the question in terms of objectively fixed criteria; define goals that can be controlled; select the means to achieve these goals and achieve constructive practical results.

Indicative in this regard is the experience of a very famous industrialist and subsequently one of the largest in the XNUMXth century. philanthropists J. Ford. In the spirit of his time, he proceeded from the principle that true help to the needy consists in giving them opportunities to earn their own living. Like the thinker Seneca, Ford was not against charity, but against extravagance itself: it is wasteful to provide organized assistance, while giving physically and mentally healthy workers jobs that could use unskilled or part-time labor.

As an example of a private solution to problems in Detroit, where the Ford factories were located, there was the organization on a commercial basis of a free special vocational school for the children of workers and working youth. Ford thus undertook to implement the advice offered Confucius, - teach how to fish, and not just give it away.

Author: Zubanova S.G.

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