Commercial activity. Risk factors, their structure (lecture notes)

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Commercial activity. Risk factors, their structure (lecture notes)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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46. Risk factors, their structure

In the process of entrepreneurial activity, it is necessary to monitor the main factors of the macro-environment and the micro-environment.

The factors of the macrosphere include.

1. Demographic environment is an important factor in the macro environment. She represents the people of the country. The number and growth rate of the population of various regions, cities and countries are a constantly changing value.

2. Economic environment represents the purchasing power of the population. The level of income of entrepreneurs depends on the level of solvency of the population.

3. Technological environment presented in the form of the need to create new technologies.

4. Political and legal spheres are presented in the form of events taking place in them, which occur in the field of politics and legislation, have a significant impact on entrepreneurial activity.

5. Sociocultural environment is formed from the formation of public beliefs in matters of values and norms of each person individually.

К microenvironment factors include: consumers, suppliers, distribution channels for products and services, competition.

Consumer behavior is influenced by social factors, which include reference groups, family, statuses and roles of people.

A serious factor in entrepreneurial risk is the problem of competition. If there are already strong competitors in the market segment, the feasibility of a business operation decreases.

The threat is the emergence of new participating firms in the markets.

A threatening factor is the appearance on the market of products that can replace an existing product.

The next important threat to entrepreneurial activity is the threat to the bargaining power of suppliers. The power of suppliers may increase in the event that the buyer does not have the opportunity to refuse to purchase the goods offered by suppliers by reducing its quantity on the market. Risk factors include a huge number of reasons that affect the occurrence of entrepreneurial losses. It is impossible to list them all, but it is possible to form some groups of causes that are the main risk factors. These include:

1) natural disasters;

2) illness or death of the entrepreneur or members of his group;

3) increased material costs;

4) dishonesty, irresponsibility of project participants;

5) discrepancy between factors of production;

6) unfavorable change in market conditions;

7) unforeseen political events;

8) developers' mistakes, their incompetence;

9) unforeseen increase in taxes;

10) unfair competition;

11) insolvency of participants in a business transaction;

12) increase in the level of remuneration of employees.

Authors: Egorova E.N., Loginova E.Yu.

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