Конституционное (государственное) право Российской Федерации. Избирательный процесс в РФ: общая характеристика (самое важное)

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Конституционное (государственное) право Российской Федерации. Избирательный процесс в РФ: общая характеристика (самое важное)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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50. ELECTORAL PROCESS IN RF: GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

Election process - this is a set of forms of activity of bodies and groups of voters in the preparation and conduct of elections to state bodies and local governments.

Stages electoral process:

1) calling elections;

2) compiling voter lists;

3) formation of electoral districts and polling stations;

4) creation of election commissions;

5) nomination of candidates and their registration;

6) election campaigning;

7)voting;

8) counting of votes and determination of election results.

Elections are appointed by authorities of the appropriate level: elections of the President of the Russian Federation - the Federal Assembly, the State Duma - the President of the Russian Federation, the representative body of the subject of the Russian Federation - the head of the subject, the highest official - the representative body of this subject of the Russian Federation.

Election day is always Sunday.

All citizens of the Russian Federation who have reached the age of 18 take part in the elections.

The next step is voter registration. All citizens of the Russian Federation with active voting rights are subject to registration. Registration is carried out at the place of residence of voters by the registration authorities that compile voter lists.

The territory of the Russian Federation at the time of the elections is divided into single-seat electoral districts, and in its totality constitutes a single federal electoral district. The districts are divided into polling stations.

To organize elections, election commissions are formed, the highest of which is the Central Election Commission.

Election Commissions - collegiate bodies formed in the manner and within the time limits established by law, organizing and ensuring the preparation and conduct of elections.

The activities of all election commissions (both in preparation for elections and in the counting of votes) are carried out publicly in the presence of observers, and their decisions are subject to mandatory publication in state or municipal mass media.

Candidates and political parties must go through the registration procedure to participate in elections. Candidates in a single-mandate constituency are registered by the district election commission for the respective constituency. Political parties and blocs are registered by the Central Electoral Commission.

After registration, candidates and political parties have the right to conduct election campaigning activities that encourage voters to vote for a candidate, political party. For example, there may be calls to vote for or against a candidate, expressions of preference for one or another candidate, etc.

Election campaigning must cease completely at 0 hours local time one day before voting day. Citizens vote at the place of registration in the voter lists from 8 am to 20 pm local time. If a voter cannot vote at his place of residence, he may receive an absentee certificate from the precinct election commission where he is on the lists.

Election results are summed up by summing up the votes cast for one or another candidate and must be officially published by the Central Election Commission within 3 weeks from the election day.

Author: Kakovkina Ye.N.

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