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Banking. Securities portfolio: general characteristics, types, principles and procedure for formation and management (the most important)

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Topic 78. Securities portfolio: general characteristics, types, principles and procedure for formation and management

An investment portfolio is understood as a certain set of securities owned by f.l. Or a legal entity acting as an integral control object. A portfolio type is its investment characteristic based on the ratio of return and risk. An important feature of the portfolio type classification is how and from what source the income is received: growth in the market value or due to current payments of interest and dividends.

Growth portfolio is formed from the shares of companies whose market value is growing. The purpose of this portfolio is to increase its capital value along with the receipt of dividends. Aggressive growth portfolio - maximum capital gains, stocks of young companies, the risk is huge, but the return is high. Conservative growth portfolio - the least risky, stable companies, aimed at capital preservation. Portfolio of medium growth - a combination of aggressive and conservative.

Income Portfolio - this type of portfolio is aimed at obtaining high current income - interest and dividend payments. Buying c.b. with high current payouts. Regular income portfolio - highly reliable securities. and generating average income with a minimum level of risk. A portfolio of income securities - high-yield bonds, securities, bringing high income with average risk. Portfolio of growth and income. Balanced portfolio - balancing income and risk.

Money market portfolios - the goal is the complete preservation of capital. This portfolio includes cash and marketable assets.

Portfolios of securities exempt from tax, contains government debt obligations.

Portfolios consisting of ts.b. state structures.

Portfolios consisting of ts.b. various industries.

Formation and management of a portfolio is the area of ​​activity of professionals, and the created portfolio is a product that can be sold in parts or in whole. RZB is volatile, so it is necessary portfolio management. Management comes down to: - maintaining the initially invested funds, - achieving the maximum level of income, - ensuring the investment orientation of the portfolio. Monitoring - a detailed analysis of the market. Its development, performance of companies, assessment of the investment qualities of the securities. The main problem to be solved in portfolio formation - this is the distribution by the investor of a certain amount of money among various alternative investments (stocks, bonds, cash, etc.) in order to achieve the goal. The investor strives to get the maximum profit.

Authors: Shevchuk D.A., Shevchuk V.A.

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