Banking. Globalization of financial markets (most important)

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Banking. Globalization of financial markets (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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Topic 34. Globalization of financial markets

Globalization of financial markets is a free interstate flow of capital as a result of the unification of national markets. Involves:

1) the activities of credit and financial institutions and the international movement of capital are liberalized. 2) unification of national and banking systems, their mutual penetration into the global financial market.

The most global is the loan capital market - the introduction of modern information technologies, means of communication and information, the liberalization of national markets, the admission of non-residents to them, and the reduction of restrictions on the verification of certain transactions.

The result of globalization is a gigantic increase in the volume of financial flows in the world.

The annual volume of the foreign exchange market is 430 trillion dollars, the daily volume is 1,3 trillion.

Bank loans market - 40 trillion, securities market - 20 trillion.

Globalization of credit and stock markets - the volume of international. loans increased 20 times, the volume of securities increased. and their types.

A large role belongs to institutional investors - pension funds, insurance funds, investment companies.

Globalization occurs in two directions:

1) international lending, 2) portfolio investment (the predominant type of financial flows both in volume and time), significantly exceeds foreign direct investment and international loans. This process is reflected in the securitization of credit relations, which are increasingly carried out not in the form of a loan, but through the purchase and sale of securities.

Securitization - 1) replacement of the bank's traditional lending operations with operations with securities. 2) activation of the work of banks in the stock markets.

The international movement of capital in the form of loans, credits, securities trading, foreign exchange transactions is 50 times more than international trade.

In modern conditions, information is of great importance, being one of the main prerequisites for the globalization of financial markets. The system of worldwide banking communications Swift - (founded in 1973 by a group of 250 countries) - transfers of clients and banks, transmission of notices and requests for transfers, loans, deposits, Debit and Credit postings, account statements.

Pros of the system:

1) simplification of payments, fast, high speed of payment, high degree of protection, cheap, confidentiality of information.

Authors: Shevchuk D.A., Shevchuk V.A.

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