Color-musical installation with phase-pulse control. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Color and music settings
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The dynamic range of conventional incandescent lamps (5...10 dB) is much lower than the dynamic range of a piece of music. In the absence of special means, this mismatch leads to the fact that the lamps of the DMU either burn too brightly and continuously at high music volume, or go out completely when the music volume is low. You have to constantly monitor the signal level adjustments in the channels to match them with the piece of music being played.
The described drawback is eliminated with the help of compressors and automatic gain controls. These devices compress the dynamic range of music to that of incandescent light bulbs.
Below is a description of a three-channel DMU that uses a multi-stage amplifier with compression and pulse-phase control of the emitters (which ensures their smooth on/off).
The CMU includes:
• preamplifier;
• frequency filters for LF, MF and HF channels;
• units of phase-pulse control of emitters (three for each channel).
On fig. 1 shows a diagram of the CMU preamplifier.
Fig. 1
The signal can be fed directly to the amplifier input from the line output of any sound reproducing device. Resistor R1 adjusts the input signal level. The amplifier is assembled on a K548UN1A chip (only one half of the chip is used, which has two ULF channels). Resistor R5 is designed to correct the feedback of the amplifier.
On fig. 2 shows a diagram of one of the DMU frequency filters - a low-frequency filter.
Fig. 2
The chain R2, C1, C2, R3, R4, C3, C4 provides sampling of the low-frequency component of the audio signal. Resistor R1 regulates the input signal level for this channel. The selected signal is amplified by the op amp and fed through the chain C5, R7 to the emitter follower on transistors VT1, VT2. Further, the signal is converted by a three-stage threshold amplifier to VT3, VT4, VT5. The load of the collectors of transistors VT3, VT4. VT5 are thyristor optocouplers H1, H2, H3. The role of threshold elements is performed by diodes VD1, VD2, VD3. The outputs of the optocouplers are connected to the inputs of the phase-pulse control units. The use of optocouplers provides galvanic isolation of the power section of the CMU and the control circuit.
On fig. 3 shows a diagram of phase-pulse control units for emitters.
Fig. 3
Three identical control nodes are used for each channel. Triacs VS1, VS2, VS3 are controlled by signals from optocouplers, they switch lamps HL1, HL2, HL3, the luminosity of which is changed by phase-pulse control. The control unit uses VD6-VD9 diodes, which form a rectifier bridge, the voltage of which is stabilized by the VD5 zener diode. The pulsating voltage through R5, R6 is supplied to transistors VT1, VT2. In each half-cycle of the mains voltage, transistors VT1, VT2 open when C1 is charged to a voltage equal to the voltage supplied to the VT1 base. The opening time of VT1 is controlled by resistor R3.
Each of the three channels of the CMU includes: a filter with three optocoupler control stages, three control units A1, A2, A3, which are identical for all channels. In filter circuits for MF and HF channels, capacitors C1 - C4 must have capacitances: 6800 pF - for MF, 1500 pF - for HF.
The control circuit consumes a current of the order of 500 mA. The 9V power supply can be of any design, such as the one shown in fig. 4.
Fig. 4
TP1 parameters: power - 8 ... 10 W, output voltage - 10 ... 13 V. The stabilizer is made on the KR142EN8A microcircuit with a stabilization voltage of 9V. The microcircuit must be installed on a heat sink.
Publication: cxem.net
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