Banking. Cash settlement services (CSS) for legal entities and individuals in CB (the most important)

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Banking. Cash settlement services (CSS) for legal entities and individuals in CB (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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Topic 58

RKO includes the opening and maintenance of bank accounts for legal entities. and f.l. RKO is the criterion by which a bank differs from a non-bank credit institution (also attracting and placing funds at the expense and on behalf of the bank). RKOs are characterized by both features of passive operations: cash balances on the account are credit resources, and active ones: they generate income in the form of commissions. RKO as borrowed funds is an easier way, cheaper than deposits, securities, interbank loans.

1. Bank account and carrying out operations on it (Bank operations). The task of conducting non-cash payments between legal entities and f.l. assigned to the banks. To this end, banks carry out cash settlement services for clients. To become a client of the bank and get on RKO y.l. and f.l. must open a bank account and conclude an agreement on cash settlement. A bank account is used to store funds belonging to the client - the owner of the account, as well as to account for the receipts and disposals of funds. Account types.

Checking account - for Yu.L. and residents (or for individual entrepreneurs). Designed to credit revenue, received loans, payments to suppliers, taxes, salaries, contributions to funds.

Temporary current account (savings account) - for newly created legal entities To accumulate the contributions of the founders to the Criminal Code. Account payments are not made.

Current account - for organizations not engaged in entrepreneurial activities (religious, charitable). For settlements in accordance with the statutory goals of the organization.

budget accounts - for enterprises and organizations to which funds are allocated from the federal and local budgets for targeted use.

Current currency accounts - for enterprises, organizations and entrepreneurs in authorized banks.

Transit currency accounts - for enterprises and organizations - exporters for crediting in full the proceeds in foreign currency subject to the obligatory sale of a part of this currency in the domestic market of the Russian Federation.

Correspondent accounts banks open for each other and the Central Bank. NOSTRO and LORO. One of the main types of transactions carried out using a bank account is the implementation of cashless payments.

Forms of non-cash payments: settlements by payment orders (PP), settlements by collection, settlements by letter of credit, settlements by checks, etc.

1) PP calculations. PP - this is a written order of the payer to the bank to pay the specified amount in this order to the person designated as the recipient of funds at the expense of the payer on the account. The bank credits funds to the beneficiary's account.

2) Collection settlements - this is a form of non-cash settlements, when the client instructs the bank to carry out actions at the expense of the client to receive a payment from the payer in favor of the client. Settlement documents: collection order, payment request-order.

3) Settlements under a letter of credit - the bank, acting on behalf of the payer, undertakes to make payments to the recipient. Issuing bank - the payer's bank that issued the letter of credit. Nominating bank - a bank serving the recipient of funds. A letter of credit is the most complex and expensive type of cashless payment. Types: covered, uncovered, revocable and irrevocable.

4) Payments by checks. Check - c.b. containing an unconditional order from the drawer to the bank to pay the amount specified therein to the drawer.

Other forms of non-cash payments:

1) using plastic cards 2) clearing - offset of mutual claims 3) settlements with traveler's checks - an alternative to cash. 4) electronic payments.

Cash service: acceptance of cash from the client and crediting to his account, debiting funds from the client's account and issuing them in the form of cash; collection of customer funds.

Profit and risks of the bank when implementing cash settlements. The main risk is the impossibility of timely processing of client payments, the risk of loss of liquidity + operational risk (computer network failures, incorrect deposits). Incompetent management of bank assets and liabilities.

Authors: Shevchuk D.A., Shevchuk V.A.

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