Banking. Government securities (GS): general characteristics, procedure for placement and circulation (the most important)

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Banking. Government securities (GS): general characteristics, procedure for placement and circulation (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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Topic 68. Government securities (GS): general characteristics, procedure for placement and circulation

Government securities are a form of existence of the state internal debt; these are debt securities, the issuer of which is the state.

Issuance of government securities can be used to solve the following main tasks: 1. Financing the state budget deficit (without additional issuance of money into circulation), 2. Financing targeted state programs in the field of housing construction, social security, etc. 3. Regulation of economic activity: money supply in circulation, impact on inflation, etc.

Benefits of government securities: - high level of reliability for investment and minimal risk of loss, - the most preferential taxation.

Placement of government securities usually carried out: 1. Through central banks or ministries of finance. 2. In paper (blank) or paperless forms (in the form of entries on accounts in authorized depositories). The trend is to increase the paperless form. 3. By various methods: auctions, open sale to everyone, closed distribution among a certain circle of investors, etc. Government securities occupy a leading position in the bond market, 50%, medium-term and long-term bonds have the largest share.

Main problems of the government securities market: - short-term nature (high inflation), - taxation, - organization of regional markets (free capital of territories), - the need to involve free funds of the population in the government securities market, etc.

Types of government securities. By type of issuer:

1. C.b. federal government

2. Regional securities

3. C.b. public institutions

4. Central banks, which have been given the status of state.

According to the form of negotiability: market and non-market. By terms of circulation: Short-term, medium-term (1-10) and long-term. By income payment method: 1. Interest-bearing securities, 2. Discount securities, 3. Indexed bonds, 4. Winning bonds, 5. Combined bonds.

Authors: Shevchuk D.A., Shevchuk V.A.

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