Vasily Trofimovich Narezhny 1780 - 1825

Russian Zhilblaz, or the Adventures of Prince Gavrila Simonovich Chistyakov. Novel (1812, publ. parts 1 - 3 - 1814; parts 4 - 6 - 1938)

In a small village at the turn of the Oryol and Kursk provinces, the estate of Ivan Efremovich Prostakov, who lives with his wife and daughters, Katerina and Elizaveta, is located. This is where the author introduces us to the main character. Prince Gavrilo Simonovich Chistyakov is in the most miserable state and was accepted into the house only out of mercy. But soon he wins the love of the whole family and for entertainment, as well as for edification, tells the instructive story of his life.

After the death of his father, having only a field and a vegetable garden, he, through his negligence, allowed the first to overgrow and trampled down the second. He married Princess Feklusha, and now the three of them (with their newborn son Nikander) did not have a piece of bread, and none of the princes of their native Falaleevka wanted to help them. An unexpected benefactor was the innkeeper Yanka, who at first fed the family. But soon a visiting merchant stopped at their hut, “seduced” by the prince’s son and bought several old books at an incredibly high price, which ensured the continued existence of the family. Over time, the economy improved, the field again yielded crops, nothing disturbed the peaceful happiness of the prince. Everything changed instantly with the escape of Princess Feklusha, who set off to “see <...> the great world.” The prince found solace only in little Nikandra and decided to live for his son, but a new misfortune awaited him: one day, returning home, he discovered that his son had been kidnapped. After spending the rest of the day searching and despairing of finding his son, he left the village.

While Gavrilo Simonovich was telling this sad story, the solitude of the Prostakovs was violated by two more strangers. One of them, Prince ("still a prince!") Svetlozarov, appeared no less unexpectedly than before Chistyakov, and soon won the favor of the whole family, and especially Katerina. Prince Gavrilo Simonovich, at the mere name of the new prince, was embarrassed and wished not to reveal his own, but to be represented by a distant relative, Krakalov. The close friendship between Prince Svetlozarov and Katerina alarms him, and he shares his doubts with his kind friend Prostakov. Upon Svetlozarov's departure for Christmas, Katerina is found to have a letter in which, however, the prince promises to ask for her hand and nothing more.

Meanwhile, the second stranger was treated no less kindly. This is a young painter named Nikandr, brought by Prostakov from the city to paint portraits of family members and give lessons to his daughters. Everyone was glad to discover his talent, and Elizabeth was glad to recognize in him the object of her love, who had been expelled from the boarding school for three years for an innocent kiss imprinted on her. For some time, nothing interferes with the happiness of the young people, but... in the absence of her husband, Mrs. Prostakova finds out about everything. Nikandr was awarded two slaps and expelled in disgrace, accompanied and admonished only by Prince Gavrila Simonovich. Prostakov, who returned from the city, orders to secretly find Nikandr and, having provided him with a sufficient amount of money and a letter to the Oryol merchant Prichudin, escort him to Oryol. The care of the young man is entrusted to Prince Chistyakov, who has become friends with him. The prince asks Nikander to tell the story of his life.

The young man did not know his full name and origin. He was the same age as the missing son of the prince, and for a moment Gavrila Simonovich had a glimmer of hope. But the widow who raised Nikander in the early years considered him the bastard son of some noble gentleman. Then there was the boarding house of Madame Delavagne, from which the prince already knew about his expulsion. This is how Nikandr found himself on the street for the first time. His ability to paint secured him a place as an artist's apprentice. But soon his benefactor died, and, having become the subject of contention between his wife and daughter, he was forced to flee in the middle of the night. By chance, he witnessed the robbery of the merchant's daughter Natalya. As a noble and brave man, he could not help but intervene and saved the girl. Grateful parents brought him into the house and were ready to give their daughter for him, but since his heart was not free and the image of Elizabeth accompanied him everywhere, he had to leave this house and became a secretary to the learned husband Tris-megalos. His excessive passion for the Slavic language and metaphysics made him the subject of ridicule by others. Even more dramatic was his attachment to Anisya, the niece of his neighbor Gorlany. Having learned about the infidelity of his subject, he was shocked and wanted to give up his life, calling for help on his last love - punch. But one day a clerk came to the house with a crowd of relatives, and Tris-megalos was thrown into an insane asylum, and poor Nikandr was again left without a livelihood and in this disastrous state ended up with the Prostakovs. The prince knew what happened next.

Shortly after his arrival in Orel, Nikander is assigned to the service. After some time, a letter arrives from Prostakov, announcing that Prince Svetlozarov has made an offer to Katerina. In the meantime, one of the neighbors, an elderly but well-to-do person, is wooing Elizabeth, and she doesn't even want to hear about it. In conclusion, Prostakov asks the prince for advice.

In his response letter, Prince Chistyakov advises not to rush into both weddings, saying that Prince Svetlozarov is not who he claims to be, that is, not the prince and not Svetlozarov, and promises to explain everything in the future. Following the letter, the prince himself arrives. In his presence, a conversation begins that Prostakov himself did not dare to start. At the name of Prince Chistyakov, Svetlozarov becomes deathly pale. “I have holed myself up in the house of robbers, vagabonds and impostors!” - with these words, Prince Svetlozarov leaves the Prostakov family, leaving them in confusion. Prince Chistyakov continues his story.

He went to Moscow and walked for some time, stopping in different villages. But one of these nights was strangely interrupted. New guests came - Prince Svetlozarov and his wife. In Princess Svetlozarova, the amazed prince recognized Princess Fekla Sidorovna, but was immediately taken out of the gate. He found a fellow traveler, the son of a Fatezh priest, who had fled from his cruel, stingy father with his money. Soon they were overtaken by a cart, in which Sylvester saw his Fatezh pursuers and disappeared, and the less prudent prince was escorted to Fatezh instead, where he experienced the power of justice: the mistake was recognized, but he was deprived of all his property.

The fascinating story of Gavrila Simonovich is interrupted: one fine evening the prince goes for a walk in the field and does not return by nightfall. The next day, a police officer with a team comes to the house and reports that the prince is a terrible robber.

Meanwhile, in Orel, in the house of the merchant Prichudin, a calm, measured life flows. Nikander is promoted, and the merchant’s affairs are not so bad. Unexpectedly, Mr. Krakalov, or Chistyakov (for here he was known by that name), appears in no better condition than when he first appeared at the Prostakovs’. According to him, he was kidnapped by Svetlozarov’s gang. Having rested, he is going to go to the Prostakovs in order to protect them from new tricks of the villain. But on the very day of departure, Nikandr receives a letter from Prostakov outlining everything that happened and asking, if the prince is found, to report it to the police. Nikander, in confusion, hands over the letter to the prince. Poor Gavrilo Simonovich is shocked by his friend’s incredulity and frivolity. He decides to reveal the story and his, albeit slandered, name to Prichudin, which leads to unexpected consequences. It turns out that it was Prichudin who once kidnapped the prince’s son, Nikandr. Prichudin's ancestors belonged to the same Chistyakov family. Being rich and having no male heirs, he decided to “make a poor relative a participant in his wealth” and kidnapped him. The old man’s repentant tears are mixed with tears of joy when it turns out that it is their Nikandr who is, after all, the son of Prince Chistyakov. When the enthusiasm subsided, Prichudin already asked the prince to tell about his adventures, and Gavrilo Simonovich reached the place where we were staying a few evenings.

After a series of incidents, the prince finally reached Moscow. For some time he worked as a clerk in a wine cellar, but then became an apprentice to the metaphysician Bibarius, where, at the end of a three-year course, he received a certificate of success in the sciences. With the assistance of a scientist, he received a position as secretary to a noble nobleman, but did not succeed in this field due to excessive zeal: wanting to serve his master, he convicted his wife of infidelity and was expelled. A happy accident led him to the widow General Byvalova, where a secretary position, a good salary and... the love of a stranger who hid her face awaited him. Prompted “like Apuleius’ Psyche,” by curiosity, the prince decided to reveal his beloved’s face and discovered his general’s wife.

He was forced to leave the house, rented an apartment and became addicted to the theater. This predilection became the reason for his further adventures, for once in the actress Fiona, who arrived from St. Petersburg, he recognized his wife, Fyokla Sidorovna. The thirst for revenge took possession of him. In a tavern he made friends with two young men. One of them turned out to be Sylvester, the son of the priest Auxentius. The other is none other than the seducer of Feklusha, Prince Svetlozarov (his real name, however, was Cutthroats, which he admits, not knowing who is in front of him). Seeing Feklusha "on Theatre", he again persuaded her to run away and invited Chistyakov to be his assistant. Here it is, the long-awaited revenge. Having learned all the details, the prince went to Prince Latron and revealed the plot to him. The criminals were seized and subjected to execution, but the prince was also rewarded with imprisonment. Having fled, he again found himself in a deplorable state when he was picked up by Mr. Dobroslavov. His new position was to sort out complaints and make inquiries, for Dobroslavov was not only a lover of charity, but sought to exercise it reasonably in order to support virtue, but not encourage vice. After serving for a year, Chistyakov was honored to be accepted into the "society of benefactors of light", but simply a Masonic lodge. The goal was the same service to good. The prince was supposed to secretly manage the rich but stingy brothers, directing, even without their knowledge, their expenses in the righteous direction of charity. At secret meetings among the charming nymphs who delighted the brothers, he again saw Princess Feklusha. This time their meeting was more friendly, and Feklusha even helped the prince in his love for the beautiful Licorice.

The story is interrupted by the departure of Prichudin, and then by Nikandr, who, on behalf of the governor, finally exposes Prince Svetlozarov, having managed to do this just on the day of his wedding with Katerina. The family is in mourning, which is soon aggravated by the death of Ivan Efremovich. Katerina gets married, and the Prostakovs move to the city, which Prince Gavrilo and Nikandr learn about with regret. Upon the return of Prichudin, the prince continues the story.

Ruined, not without the help of the prince, the farmer Kuroumov led the police to the meeting. Justice did not favor benefactors, but the prince managed to escape with his beautiful Lycorice. Some time later he received a letter from Feklusha. She was less fortunate, and she ended up in the hands of justice. But in the supreme judge she recognized Prince Latron, who had forgiven her, and at the same time her brother, whom she called the prince. His mercy extended even further. He invites the prince to follow him to Poland.

On the way, the prince had many adventures, but at last he reached Poland. Prince Latron gave him a place as a gatekeeper, but over time, using all his cunning, cruelty and resourcefulness, he became a secretary and achieved wealth. Many people were killed by his efforts. Licorice is dead. Feklusha, confessing to the prince in a newly flared passion and being refused, retired to the monastery. And the power and excesses of the prince all multiplied. But they also came to an end. After the death of Prince Latron, Gavrilo Simonovich ends up in prison, and then again finds himself on the road.

This time, fate brought him to a man whom everyone simply calls Ivan. His righteous life won him universal respect. With such a companion, Prince Gavrilo advanced towards his native lands. In the monastery, on the way, he met a penitent wife. A few months later I received the news of her death.

In Falaleevka, he was expected to meet with Yanka, who had been brought by the Falaleev princes and "merciful justice" to a miserable state. The prince managed to cure his old friend and postpone his death for a while. But then they set fire to the hut in which Gavrilo Simonovich and Yanka lived. Yanka, considering himself guilty, died of grief, and the prince again left his native village.

Meanwhile, Nikandr becomes a participant in almost romantic events. Once he happens to help a poor woman who did not want to name the people whom she, in turn, helped. Intrigued, he, along with his father, watches her, and her voice reminds the prince of the voice of his last wife, whom he married under unusual circumstances: after leaving Falaleevka, the prince was put into a carriage by an unknown lackey in a rich livery and taken to the estate, where the owner, A young lady asked him to marry her. But immediately after the ceremony, he was again dressed in his old clothes and thrown into the forest. From the conversations of the servants, he realized that his new wife was the mistress of Prince Svetlozarov

The prince tells this story to Nikandr and Prichudin, completing his biography. At the same time, it turns out that his wife is Nadezhda, the runaway daughter of Prichudin.

Nicander is looking for a stranger and, having got to the cemetery where they first met, again shows himself a knight. He again manages to prevent the abduction of the girl, who turns out to be Katerina, his sister Elizabeth. The next day, he accidentally meets Katerina's husband, Firsov, in the forest and saves him from committing suicide. He learns about the constrained circumstances of the family. Nicander again sees his adored Elizabeth, and now circumstances allow him to think about her. But Kharitina, the wife of Prince Gavrila, has disappeared for a week now.

Author of the retelling: E. S. Ostrovskaya

Two Ivans, or Passion for Litigation. Novel (1825)

Summer afternoon. Two young philosophers Nikanor Zubar and Koronat Khmara, having studied for ten years at the Poltava Seminary and “having exhausted the entire reservoir of wisdom in that temple,” make their way home through the dense forest. A thunderstorm forces them to seek shelter, and they go out to a tent, the owners of which turn out to be their fathers. The noble nobles Ivan Zubar and Ivan Khmara have been inseparable friends since adolescence, and therefore those around them call them Ivan the Elder and Ivan the Younger. The path of the two Ivans lies in Mirgorod, but a meeting with their sons changes their plans, and they all return together to their native Gorbyli.

On the way home, Ivan the Younger tells Nikanor and Koronat about the motive for their today's trip to Mirgorod - this is a lawsuit so stubborn and uncompromising that no one in this region remembers. It all started with a pair of rabbits, which about ten years ago was presented to Nikanor's younger brother. The rabbits quickly bred and began to visit the garden of Khariton Zanoza, located next door. One fine day, when both Ivans and their families were resting under flowering trees, rifle shots rang out. After that, Pan Zanoza appeared with half a dozen dead rabbits, threatening the court and the extermination of all the remaining damned animals. He not only spoke boldly, but also dared not to take off his cap, which finally angered Ivan the Elder, a military man. The latter tried to remove the cap from Khariton with the help of a stake pulled out of the fence, but he did it so awkwardly that he hit his neighbor in the ear, which caused him to fly onto the grass. From this incident, a ten-year lawsuit began, during which a lot of things were destroyed and burned on both sides.

The next day, both friendly families go to the fair, where they come face to face with Pan Khariton, with all his household and many guests, among whom the scribe of Anuria is distinguished by the centenary office. After exchanging insults, the enemies move on to more weighty arguments: after the spitting of Ivan the Elder, who slapped Khariton on the forehead, Zanoza's stick followed, "like a lightning bolt" falling on the enemy's head. The massacre was stopped by the scribe of Anuria, who urged Khariton not to shed human blood, but to "be called" (here - to sue, start a lawsuit), in which he offered his services as a drafter of a petition to the hundredth office.

The young philosophers were not carried away by the passion of their fathers for endless urges; their hearts were captivated by the lovely daughters of Khariton Splinter. And Lydia and Raisa do not remain indifferent to the polite manners and pleasant appearance of the Poltava dandies. And while two Ivans and Khariton are once again invited to Mirgorod, their children begin to meet secretly and soon realize that they cannot live without each other.

In daily meetings on the tower, ten days flew by unnoticed. From Mirgorod, with the decision of the hundredth office, fathers come, and the meetings of young lovers are temporarily stopped. The case, based on mutual complaints of the two Ivanovs and Khariton, was decided in favor of the latter. And although he, like the Ivans, spent a lot of money on this trip, the thought that Zanoza won, irritates the hearts of his opponents. “Wait, Khariton!” Ivan senior exclaims with fervor. “You will repent of your victory and will repent soon!”

The young gentry, realizing that the presence of Khariton Zanoza in Gorbyly makes meetings with their kind people impossible, decide to contribute to his next trip to the city. Driving past Khariton's dovecote, Nikanor inspires his father to shoot pigeons in revenge for the dirty tricks that Khariton caused. The execution of the poor creatures ends with the fire of the dovecote. But the Ivans do not rejoice for long - in retaliation for his dovecote, Khariton burned the apiary of Ivan the Elder.

And again the enemies rush to Mirgorod with mutual complaints.

While the parents are called in the hundredth office, their children, secretly married, spend a whole month in the raptures and raptures of love. But they cannot hide their love indefinitely, and Nikanor vows to reconcile his parents at all costs.

Friends begin to act. They send a letter to Pan Zanoza on behalf of his wife Anfiza, in which it is reported that his house in Gorbyly burned down, and his relatives, burned during the fire, are forced to move to the farm.

Having received the letter, Khariton hurries to the farm and, not finding anyone there, goes to Gorbyli. At home, having caused a terrible commotion and frightened his relatives to death, Pan Zanoza finds out that the letter he received is forged. Well, of course, this is a new invention of the insidious lords Ivanov, who wanted to remove him from the city, so that in his absence it would be more convenient to act in their favor!

The next day Pan Anurii comes to Khariton's house with a letter from the Hundred Office regarding the last call. The decision of the Hundred Office in favor of Ivan the Elder, according to which Zanoza must pay his offender a ruble, leads Khariton into an indescribable rage. Having beaten Pan Anuriy, Khariton announces his decision - he goes to Poltava to the regimental office to be called with a fool centurion and his loafers!

But the regimental office decides not in favor of Khariton, moreover, it awards the Zanoza farm to be given to the beaten scribe for eternal and hereditary use. Now the path of Splinter lies in Baturin, in the military office, to be called with new enemies.

Khariton's litigation with the regimental and hundred offices ends with the fact that Anfiza and her children are expelled from the Gorbylev house, which is handed over to the centurion and members of the hundred office, and Khariton himself is sent to Baturin prison for six weeks for his "violent temper".

Help for the unfortunate family of Pan Zanoza comes from an unexpected direction: Ivan's uncle Artamon Zubar, a rich and respectable old man, offers Anfiza and the children to live "until the time" in his house. He himself condemns the pernicious passion of his nephews for "disastrous litigation" (Ivan Jr. has his wife as an aunt). One hope for the beloved grandchildren, Nicanor and Koronat, who must reconcile the warring.

Meanwhile, Ivans and all their household members unexpectedly arrive at Artamon's house. According to the decision of the military office for "violence, fury, incendiary" their movable and immovable property is attributed to the hundredth estate. Only now did both Ivans realize the full justice of Artamon's judgments about the cursed call. They ask their "generous uncle" for help and protection.

Artamon is ready to help his nephews, but sets two indispensable conditions for them: first, never invite anyone else; the second is to consider Khariton’s daughters, who became the wives of their eldest sons, along with their own daughters, and to honor their mother as a kind and worthy mother of the family, and also, if Khariton expresses a desire to reconcile with them, to accept him into her arms as a brother. Both Ivans with “indescribable pleasure” agree to the conditions of their good-natured uncle. But who will tame the indomitable temper of Ivanov’s matchmaker, Mr. Khariton? What's happening to him now?

And pan Khariton is sitting in the Baturin dungeon. And chew stale bread for him, drinking water, if not for his two neighbors - the young Cossacks Dubonos and Nechos, who fraternally share their breakfasts, lunches and dinners with him. Khariton becomes attached to the generous young men with paternal love, and when they offer him to go together to the Zaporizhzhya Sich at the end of the punishment, he happily agrees - after all, only shame awaits him at home.

Beneficial changes take place in Khariton's character under the influence of young people. Remembering his past life, he feels deep remorse. Pan Zanoza is worried about the fate of his family, but he does not dare to come to them. "What will I offer them when I myself exist from the gifts of friendship and generosity."

Seeing Khariton's torment, Dubonos and Nechos make him an unexpected offer: they ask Zanoza to introduce them to their daughters. Maybe they will like each other, and then, having made up one family, Khariton will regain his lost calmness.

So, it was decided: the Cossacks with Khariton go to the Sich through Gorbyli in order to get full information about the whereabouts of the Zanoza family there. In Slabs, it turns out that Artamon bought the estates of Zanoza, Zubar and Khmara and became their sole owner. Artamon meets with Khariton and offers, while they are looking for his family, to live on a farm, which until recently belonged to him, Khariton.

A few days later, Artamon brings Anfiza with the children to the farm, and the shocked Khariton learns that his wife and children, from the day they were expelled from the village house, have been visiting Artamon's farm, with the uncle of his sworn enemies. Artamon takes a promise from Khariton to sincerely reconcile with his neighbors Ivan, and then leaves to see his nephews.

From the penetrating eyes of Pan Khariton, it was not hidden that Raisa and Lidia captivated the hearts of the Cossacks at first sight, and therefore, when the young men ask him to keep his promise, he gladly blesses the young couples.

Two days fly by like one happy minute. On the third day, both Ivans come to Khariton on the farm and, completing the final reconciliation, offer Pan Zanoza to marry the children. The splinter is touched, but his daughters already have suitors. Parting, Pans Ivana promises that they will participate in the wedding celebration.

Finally, the long-awaited day arrives. Many guests come to Khariton's farm, among them Artamon and his two nephews with their families. Everyone is waiting for the brides to come out. And now Khariton's daughters appear, holding a lovely baby in their arms. The good Artamon reveals the truth to the shocked Khariton: his daughters have been married for a long time, and their husbands are the sons of the pans Ivanov, Nikanor and Koronat, they are also the Cossacks beloved by him. Happy Khariton blesses the children and hugs his grandchildren to his chest.

For several days in a row, festivities continue on the estates of lords Khariton, Ivan the Elder and Ivan the Younger. And from now on, only peace, friendship and love reign in their homes.

Author of the retelling: M. N. Serbul

>> Forward: Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky 1783-1852 (Twelve sleeping maidens. An ancient story in two ballads (part 1 - 1810; part 2 - 1814 - 1817))

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