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Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Brief summary of works of Russian literature of the 1793th century. Alexander Alexandrovich Bestuzhev (Marlinsky) 1837-XNUMX
Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets Table of contents (expand) Alexander Alexandrovich Bestuzhev (Marlinsky) 1793 - 1837 Roman and Olga. An Old Tale (1823) (The course of the story lies between 1396 and 1398. All historical incidents and persons mentioned in it are presented with relentless accuracy. Readers can take the 2nd chapter of the 5th volume of Karamzin’s “History of the Russian State” for verification. - From the author’s notes. ) "This will not happen!" - said Simeon Voeslav, the eminent guest of Novgorod, to his brother, the centurion of Novgorod, Yuri Gostiny. Do not shine two suns in the sky! It does not happen that I threw my best pearl into the muddy Volkhov, so that I would give Olga, my daughter, to someone who is not like her. Without a golden comb, one cannot comb her girlish braids, a poor man cannot be my son-in-law! "Brother! Olga loves Roman. And his heart is worth your bags of gold. In his veins is the noble blood of boyar children. He faithfully serves Novogorod." But it is too late for the older brother to live with the mind of the younger one. And Roman Yasensky had to listen to his sentence. Tears spilled from the young man's eyes into two springs, and he, sobbing, fell on the chest of his generous intercessor Yuri. In those days, good people were not yet ashamed of their tears, they did not hide their hearts under a friendly smile, they were clearly friends and enemies. Olga has long loved Roman, admires his ability to sing, playing the sonorous harp, but more than that, his stories about campaigns, battles, about Tamerlane being captured by his wild warriors, about miraculous salvation. Therefore, Olga, despite her virtue and respect for her parents, after considerable hesitation, decides to run away with Roman in order to find her happiness far from her native city. But on the appointed night, her ardent lover did not come, and no one in the city saw him anymore. Here's what happened the day before. There was a holiday. Novogorodtsy watched the duel of German knights from Revel and Riga, the art of Lithuanian riders and indulged in their favorite pastime - fistfight: the side of the Trade against the side of Sofia! The sound of a bell suddenly summons Novgorod residents to a veche. Two ambassadors address them: the first - from the Moscow Prince Vasily Dimitrievich, the son of the glorious Demetrius of Donskoy, the second - from the Lithuanian Prince Vitovt, the son of Kestutis. Two powerful rulers demand to break peace with the German Order of the Sword and destroy treaties with Hanseatic merchants. Novgorod residents only want peace with everyone, the preservation of their freedoms and the benefits of trade. This is what they talk about at the meeting. And those who are peace-loving and sedate offer to submit in order to avoid the disasters of war. But the valiant Roman Yasensky is outraged by these speeches. His words excite both ordinary people, eminent citizens, and the mayor Timothy himself. And after a noisy evening, on a dark night, Roman already leaves the city wall on his favorite horse. A long road awaits him. In the night forest, Roman falls into the hands of fierce robbers. They get a lot of loot - the gold and silver that he carried with him. Ataman of the robbers Berkut, a former noble Novgorod resident expelled after one of the strife, dreams of serving his native city again. Having learned from the letter of order that Roman was carrying jewelry to bribe the Moscow boyars in favor of Novogorod, he honorably released the messenger. And so Roman enters capital Moscow. With precision he strives to fulfill the order of the veche. In duty, but against the heart, he seems cheerful and affable, finds friends among the dignitaries of the court, recognizes the thoughts of the Grand Duke. And these thoughts are hostile to Novogorod. Roman notifies his countrymen about this. Warned Novogorodsk merchants leave Moscow. But one ill-fated day, the guard grabs Roman and throws him into a cramped, damp dungeon. He is awaiting execution. Only once a ray of hope flashed - the old acquaintance of the boyar Evstafiy Syta is free to pardon the criminal, but in return he demands to renounce Novogorod and stay in Moscow forever. But the mercy of death prefers Roman to such princely mercy. While Roman is awaiting execution, Moscow squads invade the land of Novogorodskaya. The infidels of Dvina surrender several fortresses to them. Weeping, Olga accompanies her father on his campaign. Simeon Voeslav, setting out with the Novgorod militia, promises his daughter, after defeating the vile Muscovites, to find her the best groom among the Novgorod residents. With this, he plunges her into even greater despair, because Olga remembers only Roman and only wants to see him as her husband. Who penetrated into a deaf dungeon? Who with a dexterous hand inaudibly sawed through the iron bars? With whom is Roman Yasensky racing now on a fast horse in a free field? These two silent and gloomy riders are the messengers of Ataman Berkut. And here the ataman himself meets his countryman. Where will we go - to our hometown? to dear heart Olga? or to the place of battle, to the place where the Novogorodtsy besiege the Orlets fortress occupied by the sworn enemy? "Where there are swords and enemies!" exclaims the ardent young man. Soon they reach a clearing where several drunken Muscovites are guarding the Novgorod prisoner. Friends rush to the rescue, enemies flee cowardly, and Roman recognizes Olga’s father, Simeon Voeslav, who was previously so strict with him in the rescued one. Now friends and comrades-in-arms in the Novgorod army, Simeon and Yuri Orlets are besieging. Ataman Berkut is the first to climb the tower, but falls, pierced by an arrow. Roman follows him, with a triumphant sword he cuts down the shaft of the Moscow banner, but after that the stronghold, shrouded in flames, instantly collapses, hiding the brave knight in smoke and debris. Is he alive? The victorious army returns to Novogorod. Simeon Voes-lav enters his house. His daughter Olga throws herself on his neck. "I fulfilled my promise - there is a groom for you, the best among the Novogorodtsy!" Olga covers her face with her hands, but as soon as she dares to look through the small gap between her fingers, she sees her beloved Roman. The young lived happily. And Simeon Voeslav, happy with their happiness, losing horses and bishops in chess to his younger brother Yuri, shed a tear of emotion, saying: "So! You are right, but I was to blame!" Author of the retelling: L. B. Shamshin Trial. Tale (1830) "Listen, Valerian," Hussar Lieutenant Colonel Gremin said to his friend Major Strelinsky, "do you still remember that black-eyed lady who drove all the youth crazy at the ball of the French envoy three years ago?" This conversation took place in 182..., on the day of winter St. Nicholas, not far from Kyiv, where the officers of the ** Hussar Regiment celebrated the name day of their beloved squadron commander, the hot-tempered and stubborn, but kind and generous Nikolai Petrovich Gremin. Of course, Strelinsky remembers the unknown beauty, he even dreamed of her for two whole nights, but his passion, as befits a noble hussar, passed in a week; But Gremin seems to be in love? Yes, three years ago Alina captured his heart. She reciprocated his feelings, but the lovers had to feed only on “sparks of glances and the smoke of hope,” for, unfortunately, according to the prudence of her relatives, Alina was the wife of the seventy-year-old Count Zvezdich. The doctors advised the old man to go abroad, to the waters, and his wife should accompany him. Having exchanged rings and vows of unwavering fidelity, the young people parted. From the first station she sent Gremin a letter, then another - since then there has been no news from or about her. And only yesterday, by mail from St. Petersburg, the lieutenant colonel learned that Countess Zvezdich had returned to the capital, that she had become even more beautiful and sweeter, that only the big world was talking about her. The passion that had cooled over time flared up again in the heart, and next to it were jealousy and mistrust: did she remain faithful to her former love? Gremin asks his friend to check Alina’s feelings: “inexperienced love is sweet, but tried love is priceless!” If Alina falls in love with Strelinsky, well, such is fate! It is not easy for Strelinsky to agree to test not only love, but also friendship, and only Gremin’s assurances that nothing threatens their friendship force him to say “yes.” But the changeability of human nature is such that the ringing of the bell for the departed Strelinsky had not yet had time to stop, when doubt and jealousy penetrated Gremin's soul. And already in the morning he sends an orderly to the brigade commander with a request to be dismissed on vacation, intending to overtake Strelinsky and see the beautiful Alina before him. On Christmas Eve, when bustle and cheerful pre-holiday hustle and bustle reign in the streets of St. Petersburg, when Sennaya Square is crowded with all kinds of food, and Nevsky Prospekt seems to be on fire from carriages and sleighs in which guards officers gallop to buy new-fangled aiguillettes, epaulettes, hats and uniforms, and ladies apply hasty visits to fashion shops, to seamstresses and gold seamstresses - on the eve of the holiday, a troika entered Petersburg through the Moscow outpost, in which one of our hussars was sitting. Who is it - Gremin or Strelinsky? The brilliant masquerade ball given by Prince O*** three days after Christmas was in full swing when a mask in a magnificent Spanish costume approached Countess Zvezdich and invited her to dance. In the sounds of Don Alonzo's voice and the brilliance of Don Alonzo's wit, Sister Fuentes, Sister Colibrados, as the stranger introduced himself, the Countess felt something familiar. And when he took off the glove from his left hand, an involuntary “ah!” burst out from her - the sparkling ring was the same one that she gave to Gremin three years ago! Promising to appear to her to explain the riddle the next day, the stranger disappeared like a dream. The countess awaits the visit in strange excitement - almost forgotten love seems to have returned to her heart again. Here they report the arrival of a guards officer! Now she will see him again! Alina goes out into the living room... but in front of her is not Prince Gremin, but an unfamiliar blond hussar! The riddle of the ring was revealed simply: two years ago, having seen a ring he liked from a friend, Strelinsky ordered a similar one. But how to explain another secret: from the first minutes of the meeting, Strelinsky and Alina were frank and trusting, like old friends, and maybe more than friends. And from that day on, in the theater, at balls, at musical evenings and dinner parties, at skating and dance breakfasts - everywhere Alina, as if by chance, meets Valerian. Alina is in love, no doubt! And our hero? Is he just following Gremin's request? By no means! And evidence of this is the changes that have taken place with him. He, according to his friends, is an anemone, now he is seriously thinking about the future, about marriage, and the family happiness of love with a sweet girlfriend is combined in his thoughts with the duty of a citizen: he will resign, leave for the village and in worries about the welfare of the peasants and the improvement the household will usefully and happily spend his life. But will Alina agree to this? Leaving for the countryside is a sacrifice for a young, beautiful and rich woman! In three days she will give the final answer. And while the sad and worried Valerian is waiting for his fate to be decided, Nikolai Gremin returns to St. Petersburg. The affairs of the service that kept him in the regiment made him forget about his previous plans and hopes, and, ardent only for the day, he did not remember the test entrusted to his friend, and, perhaps, would not have come to St. Petersburg at all if the death of his grandfather had not called him to receive an inheritance. But the news about the close marriage of Strelinsky and Countess Zvezdich, rushing over him like a waterfall, awakened the jealousy that had fallen asleep in his soul, and, seething with vengeance, he rushes to the house of his former friend to pour out all the fury of his indignation. How could Strelinsky face the unfair reproaches of his friend? He tries to remind him that he convinced Gremin to abandon his crazy plan, that he predicted everything that could happen - in vain! Resentment does not tolerate reasoning. A shot is the only possible response to an insult, a bullet is the best reward for deceit! Valerian's sister Olga Strelinskaya, a young girl recently released after studying at the Smolny Monastery, tormented by premonitions about the fate of her brother, decides to eavesdrop on the conversation of men taking place in their house. The seconds discuss the quality of the "most fine-grained" gunpowder, the design of pistols, the problem of inviting a doctor. Valerian's old servant helps cast the bullets. You can be sure that nothing will be missed. Olga is in despair. How to save my brother? Precious minutes are ticking by on the clock! She likes Gremin so much, and now he will become Valerian's killer! Olga turns to God, and this helps her decide... An ordinary tavern on the second verst on the road to Pargolovo, a place where duel participants constantly gather in winter. Suddenly, Gremin is informed that a lady under a veil wants to see him. "Olga! Are you here?!" "Prince, know that you will not be able to reach my brother, except by piercing my heart!" Gremin, who has long regretted his futile vehemence, is now ready for a thousand apologies. His passionate and impressionable heart is already completely occupied by another: "Olga! Be my wife!" Reconciliation took place. Immediately Strelinsky receives a letter from Alina. How foolish were the doubts! Alina selflessly belongs to him. His gloomy mood dissipated. He blesses Olga and Gremin: "I give you, Nikolai, the best pearl of my life!" The gentlemen of the seconds are invited to wash down past follies and in the future change their failed roles into the roles of best man at two weddings. "Even the stupidity of a person is sometimes extraordinarily successful!" - the skeptical doctor present at the same time reasoned. Author of the retelling: T. I. Voznesenskaya Latnik. A Partisan Officer's Story (1832) "We were chasing Napoleon in hot pursuit. On November 22, Seslavin sent me to clear the left side of the Vilna road, with a hundred Sumy hussars, a platoon of dragoons of the Tver regiment and a dozen Donets." So the dragoon captain begins his story. The detachment moves along the road, along the sides of which horse and human corpses are located as a terrible decoration. Cossack scouts soon notice the enemy. The French soldiers are grotesquely dressed, some even wearing sheepskins over their clothes, when for true warmth they should be worn under their uniforms. Russian partisans, however, are dressed a little better and are wrapped up from the cold in all sorts of things. Having beaten off the first attacks, the French retreat to a small village. The Russians immediately pursue them. Surrounded in the master's "castle", the French defend themselves desperately, and the Polish gentry militia fight even more desperately - local gentlemen, who see Russians as sworn enemies of their liberty. It is possible to break the resistance only when an unknown cuirassier major in black armor suddenly appears among the besiegers. Not caring that the bullets are raining down, the armored man in a helmet with bloody feathers knocked to one side and in a black cloak, having torn off the door from its hinges, like a formidable demon, bursts into the house. Dragoons and hussars rush after them, and soon hand-to-hand combat ends in victory. The groans of the dying cease, and the dilapidated house, riddled with Russian bullets, full of chopped up, blood-drenched bodies, becomes a place for a short rest for the partisans. The mysterious major at arms, to whom the captain wishes to express his admiration, has disappeared. Meanwhile, the soldiers bring in the butler, who was hiding in the attic. The butler willingly tells the story that recently happened in the mayonte, in Russian to say, on the estate. Its owner, Prince Glinsky, had a beautiful daughter, Felicia. The passionate love that arose between her and the Russian officer of the artillery battalion stationed nearby, in Oshmyany, touched the heart of the old man. A wedding was scheduled. But a sudden urgent need, which was the mother's illness, forced the Russian to leave. Letters from him came rarely, and then completely stopped. A relative of the prince, Count Ostrolensky, at that time sought the hand of his daughter with all possible dexterity. The dejected Felicia resigned herself. The count, however, was not interested in his young wife, but only in a solid dowry, and after the death of the prince, he completely went on a rampage. The Countess faded away. Once a servant noticed her in the garden, talking with a strange, large man in a black cloak who had come from nowhere. The Countess wept and wrung her hands. This man then disappeared, as if he had never been, and the countess from that time fell ill and died less than a month later. Count Ostrolensky soon found himself on trial for non-payment of taxes and cruel treatment of serfs and fled abroad. He returned with the French and led the gentry militia in the district. This story plunged Lieutenant Zarnitsky into deep thought, and he decides to tell a tragic story already known to him. His maternal grandfather, Prince X...iy, was a true despot, and when he decided to marry his daughter Lisa to the groom he had chosen, he was deeply struck by her refusal to submit to his will. Lisa fell in love with her teacher, recently graduated from the university, adjunct Bayanov. The prince imprisoned his daughter in his house. One day, when the prince was hunting, Bayanov kidnapped his beloved and immediately went with her to church. When the young people were already standing in front of the altar, a chase broke into the church. No one ever heard of Bayanov again, and Kh...y now kept his daughter behind an iron door. She was declared crazy and did not live long. As time passed, they began to notice great oddities about the prince - fear came over him. And one day he suddenly ordered everyone to leave the house, nail up the doors and never return to it. Having settled in another estate, the prince never came to his senses and soon died. Zarnitsky heard this story from an early age and, visiting his native place, having already been promoted to officer, he decided to inspect that damned house that had so excited his imagination in childhood. Easily getting through the dilapidated locks, he, wandering around the house, came across a room, the iron doors of which told him that a poor prisoner was languishing here. Opening them, he opened his eyes to a sight that “instantly turned his body into a piece of ice”: the beauty whose face he had seen many times in the portrait was the same... Zarnitsky’s story is interrupted by the sound of heavy steps. This is a black armored man. His appearance is sick and strange. As if in delirium, he wanders around the dilapidated house. Suddenly he stops, amazed, at the image of a beautiful woman, placed among the portraits of his ancestors, which, according to custom in Poland, always decorate the master's house. “You promised to appear to me before death! Thank you, you fulfilled your promise!” - he exclaims. And then he stumbles over one of the corpses. “Here is my enemy! And after death he blocks my way!” Having pulled out a heavy broadsword, the cuirassier deals terrible blows to the dead body. The captain and lieutenant Zarnitsky have difficulty calming him down. The next morning, the cuirassier major, having received relief from sleep, tells the officers his story. Of course, it was he who was the same artilleryman who fell in love with the beautiful Felicia Glinskaya and was loved by her. Arriving at his sick mother, he only had time to see her to the grave, and then he himself collapsed in a severe fever. Being ill for eight months and receiving no letters from Felicia, who vowed to write every day, he could not imagine otherwise than the death of his beloved. When he found out about her marriage, an uncontrollable thirst for revenge arose in his soul. Having entered the cuirassier regiment, which was stationed in Oshmyany, he soon appeared to the countess and found her in the saddest position. Both of them realized that they were victims of the count's deceit, intercepting and destroying their letters. Undermined by illness, the life of the countess soon faded away. All the hatred that had accumulated under the major's black cuirass now turned on Count Ostrolensky. And just recently, revenge took place. The last mystical meeting of the lovers - the dying promise of the countess to appear to him before his death - was indicated by the scene at the portrait of Felicia, and now his life is over. Having completed his story and without saying another word, the man at arms jumps on his horse and is carried away. And the captain longs to hear the end of Zarnitsky's story, interrupted in the most extraordinary and mysterious place. Zarnitsky again plunges into exciting memories. In the room where the last days of his unfortunate relative passed, he saw a girl whose beauty completely reproduced the features of the deceased. He fell in love without memory. To whom? This was the legitimate daughter of Lisa H..oi, also named Lisa in her honor. Born in secret imprisonment, she was raised by kind people and now came here to see the place associated with the memory of her mother, dear to her. Zarnitsky made every effort to ensure that Elizaveta Bayanova was restored to her rights and received her rightful share of the inheritance. This was successful, but in vain he cherished the hope of a happy ending to his feelings; Lisa already had a loving and successful groom. Now she is happy in a prosperous marriage. And Zarnitsky... alas! he can only be sad, dream and forget himself in battles, where his courage far exceeds the awards he has received. A day later, after the battle for Oshmyany, Russian partisans leave the town, making their way among the many corpses. Suddenly Zarnitsky jumps off his horse: - Look, Georges, this is our armored man! On the face of the dead man there was not a trace of the passions that so recently overwhelmed his life. - Wonderful person! Zarnitsky says. - Was Felicia really the herald of his death, or was it the circumstances? Here's a riddle! “A French bullet will probably solve this riddle for one of us in an hour,” the captain answers. The sound of the trumpet calls them out of oblivion. Jumping on their horses, they silently gallop forward. Author of the retelling: L. B. Shamshin Ammalat-bek. Caucasian reality. Tale (1831) Near the road from Derbent to Tarki, to the left of which the forest-feathered peaks of the Caucasus rise, and to the right falls the shore of the Caspian Sea, which is always murmurous, like humanity itself, lies a Dagestan village. There was a holiday there in May 1819. Caucasian nature is charming in the spring, and all the inhabitants, taking advantage of the benefits of the peace of this peaceful region, settled down in the valley and along the slopes to admire the dashing games of the mountain youth. The rider, distinguished from everyone else by his beauty of face, slender figure, thoroughbred horse, wealth of clothing and weapons, was the nephew of the Tarkovsky ruler (shamkhal) Ammalat-bek. His skill in horse riding, wielding a saber and shooting had no equal. Anyone who once saw him shooting off the horseshoe of his horse while galloping with a pistol will never forget it. On the same day in the evening, the young bek receives an honorable, but also dangerous guest. A mountaineer of a proud and formidable appearance, Sultan-Ahmet Khan of Avar was once a general of the Russian service, but the arrogant disposition and unfaithful nature of the Asian forced him to commit treason, and now, for more than one massacre, the Russians were looking for him to settle scores with him . To the reproaches of the khan that it was not worthwhile for such a daring man to play toys when his native mountains were covered to the very tops with the deluge of a holy war with the infidels, Ammalat answered with due prudence, but when a Russian officer appeared to capture the rebellious khan, the duty of hospitality forced him to prevent this. Sultan-Ahmet stabbed the Russian with a dagger - now Ammalat is guilty before the authorities and must flee in order to participate in raids on the peaceful side together with the khan. Soon, however, their enterprise, carried out in alliance with the formidable Chechens, ended in failure, and now the wounded Ammalat was in the house of the Avar Khan. His wounds are severe, and upon his first return from oblivion, it seems to him that he is no longer on earth, torn apart by enmity and bloodshed, but in paradise, designated for the faithful, for who else is the young houria straightening his veil? Meanwhile, this is Seltaneta, the daughter of the khan, who fell in love with the wounded young man. Ammalat responds to her with deep and passionate love, which often powerfully seizes the virgin heart of an Asian. But where love triumphs, parting comes - soon the khan sends the recovered young man on a new raid... For a long time now, the Russian Cossacks from the fortified Caucasian line, not only in their clothing and appearance, but also in their military skills, have become like the highlanders and are now giving them a glorious rebuff, despite the dexterity and desperation of the attackers. The Abrek horsemen, robbing the river without restraint, this time managed to recapture both the captives and a large herd of horses, but at the crossing of the Terek they were overtaken by the Cossacks, who were helped by a Russian cannon shot from the hill with grapeshot. Here the abreks enter the last battle, singing the “death song” (translation from Tatar): “Cry beauties in the mountain village. // Hold a wake for us. // Together with the last well-aimed bullet // We are leaving the Caucasus.” A blow with a rifle butt to the head knocked the young brave man Ammalat to the ground. Colonel Evstafiy Verkhovsky, who served at the headquarters of the commander-in-chief of the Russian troops in the Caucasus, wrote to his bride in Smolensk: “... The youth and excellent inclinations of the captive Dagestan bek brought to us produced such a strong effect on me that I decided to ask Alexei Petrovich to protect him from the inevitable General Ermolov (who has not seen him in life will not be able to imagine the power of his charm from portraits alone) not only canceled the execution, but also in accordance with his nature (to execute is to execute - to have mercy is to have mercy) gave him complete freedom, leaving in my presence. Our friendship with Ammalat is touching, his successes in the Russian language and education are amazing. At the same time, he remains a true Asian in his feelings and the same daredevil that he showed himself to be as a robber. He found a way to express his deep affection for me on the hunt the most heroic, saving my life from the tusks of a ferocious boar. Truly, he is dear to me no less than my younger brother - so grateful is good for us if we have the opportunity to do it in this barbaric and cruel war. I am flattered to think that I turned out to be capable of it, inspired by love and the dream of you..." Ammalat eagerly learned to think, and it captured him. But he could never forget his Seltanet, and longing for her merged with longing for that freedom, which, against the former, he was still deprived of, if only because of affection for the noble Verkhovsky. Having received sudden news of his beloved's illness, he rushed to her, despite the fact that her father was now hostile to him. The arrival of Ammalat had a beneficial effect, but Sultan-Ahmet was adamant: leave the giaurs, our eternal enemies, to serve - only this will earn you the right to be my son-in-law, and let the head of the colonel be a wedding gift. "What colonel?" - "Verkhovsky, and only him!" - "How can I raise my hand against my benefactor?" - "He is deceitful, like all Russians. Honey is on his lips, poison is in his soul. He will take you to Russia, and you will perish there." And the insidious khan did not confine himself to words full of threat. On his orders, Ammalata's old nurse told the young man that she had heard Verkhovsky's words that he was going to take Ammalat to Russia and put him on trial there. In the heart of Ammalat, a struggle of feelings is played out no less cruel than the Caucasian war itself. Hatred for the alleged hypocrisy of Verkhovsky, attraction to Seltanet and hope for future happiness entered into a mortal battle with a feeling of brotherly love and reverence for the intelligence and kindness of the Russian officer. Overwhelmed by passion and aroused by deceit, he made up his mind. They rode together far ahead of the detachment. Suddenly Ammalat galloped forward, then turned back and raised his well-aimed gun. "What is your goal, Ammalat?" asked the Colonel, ingenuously enjoying the games of his young friend. "Chest of the enemy!" - was the answer. A shot rang out. Ammalat hides from the chase. Wandering in the mountains. He only did part of the job. But he doesn't have a colonel's head. At night, he commits the atrocious act of grave-digging. With the head of his benefactor in a sack, he now rushes to the Avar Khan, tormented by his conscience, but hoping to master his Seltaneta. It was not a good time that he found himself in the khan's house. Sultan Ahmet Khan of Avar was at his last breath from a rapid illness. But nothing can stop Ammalath now. He threw his bloody gift on the dying man's bed. But this only accelerated the death of the khan, who, facing the uncertainty of death, longed for peace, not bloody scenes. The imperious khansha brought down her wrath on the unfortunate Ammalat. “You, a criminal as vile as a parricide, will never be my son-in-law! Forget the way to my house, otherwise my sons will make you remember the way to hell!” “Seltaneta, my love!” - he whispered, but she only said: “Farewell forever!” Years have passed. Since then, Ammalat has wandered around the Caucasus, been in Turkey, looking for death and oblivion in endless battles. A damaged conscience and notoriety accompanied him everywhere. In 1828, during the siege of Anapa, a Russian artillery officer deftly aimed his cannon to shoot down a handsome horseman on a white horse, who defiantly despised fire from our positions. The shot was successful. The artilleryman then approached and stood over the seriously wounded man. Irresistible horror was reflected in the eyes of the mountain warrior. "Verkhovsky!" - he whispered barely audibly, and this name was his last terrible greeting to this world. A dagger with a gold notch was removed from the dead. "Slow to insult - quick to revenge," read the translator. "My brother Evstafiy became a victim of those who carried out this robbery rule," said the artillery captain Verkhovsky with tears in his voice. "There is also his name," the interpreter pointed out. "Ammalat-bek." From the author's notes. The incident is real. Constantly staying in the Caucasus, I had to hear him from many people who knew both Verkhovsky and Ammalat well. The story does not deviate in any significant way from their true words. Author of the retelling: L. B. Shamshin Frigate "Nadezhda". Tale (1832) Captain-Lieutenant Ilya Petrovich Pravin was in love for the first time and with all possible passion. In vain are the concerns and warnings of friends, and most of all of his comrade in the naval corps, and now the first lieutenant of his frigate, Nil Pavlovich Kakorin. The intricate medical advice of the ship's doctor is in vain. Every day the captain is at a ball or reception, every day he seeks to see Princess Vera**. A careless remark from a stranger in her presence - and now there is a duel in which Pravin is a hundredfold superior to his opponent in nobility and courage. Suspicion that her attention belongs to another - and hellish torments shake his heart, like the furious winds of the Atlantic. Convinced that he was preferred to the young diplomat, Praveen heads to the Hermitage to lose himself among the soul-lifting masterpieces of true art. Here, at the sculpture of Psyche - Canova's wonderful creation, he meets Vera. There follows a desperate confession and in response... a confession that is equally sincere, involuntary and uncontrollable. Happiness covers the captain like a bright fire. He is loved! But the virtue of Faith... To shake it, remarkable efforts are needed. And one day he comes to her dacha in full uniform. "What does this mean, captain?" Praveen, meanwhile, composed a whole story about how, out of two assignments - a short courier visit to the shores of Greece and a four-year trip around the world to the American Fort Ross and back (reality offered only the first) - he chose the second, because the hopelessness of his situation leaves him no other option . “No, cherami! I’ve now decided. Just agree to a cruise to the warm Mediterranean Sea. I’ll do anything!” Pravin cried with shame and confessed everything. But Vera herself was already happy with this resolution of tension. Meanwhile, fate tightened their relationship like a sea knot. Ten days later, a ship is anchored in Kronstadt, at the stern of which a group of three persons can be seen: a slender naval staff officer, a squat man with general's epaulettes, and a lovely lady. A woman in love overcomes the boundaries of the possible. Everything is arranged in the best possible way, to improve his health, Prince Peter *** and his wife go abroad, and he is allowed to sail to England on board the frigate Nadezhda. Prince Peter was greatly interested in the excellent ship's cuisine. Pravin caught the darkness of the night in the black eyes of Princess Vera, she was drowning in his blue ones. They were blessed. We passed through Revel and Finland, swept through Sweden, Denmark, Norway, flashed straits, islands, wonderful lighthouses of the British genius in their practicality. The prince got off at Portsmouth, the princess was taken to one of the villages in the south of the island, where she was supposed to wait for her husband's return from London. The lovers said goodbye. The frigate was at anchor in sight of the shore. The weather turned bad. Pravin could not find a place for himself. Suddenly he decided to go ashore - to see her just one more time! Lieutenant Kakorin objects in a friendly but decisive way: the captain has obviously been neglecting his duties lately, a storm is approaching, now you should not leave the ship. There is a quarrel. The captain removes Kakorin, his first mate, from command and tells his friend to go under arrest. Then he fulfills his intention: date or death! The lovers go through a stormy night. Tornadoes walk along the sea, huge shafts raise the surface of the waters. The captain understands that he must be on the ship, it is clear to him that he is committing a betrayal, postponing the return until morning. But he can't leave. In the morning, Prince Peter unexpectedly appears before the lovers. Explanations are inappropriate - the prince rejects his wife and returns to London. Now they are free, happiness opens before them. But past the windows of the hotel in the stormy sea, like a ghost, a ship battered by a storm moves. This is Hope. Now Vera can't keep the captain. A ten-oared boat rushes into the heart of the storm. The boat hit the side of the ship with terrible force. Six rowers were killed. Due to the inexperience of the second lieutenant on the ship, five more people died under the wreckage of the mast. Captain Pravin is badly wounded and has lost a lot of blood. A copper nail from the ship's hull on impact entered him between the ribs. Depressed by his guilt, he suffered extraordinarily. The entire crew, including the ship's doctor, prayed to God for his salvation. The princess spent day and night at the hotel window with a spotting scope, keeping her gaze on the frigate. All her hope was there. Prolonged observation through a telescope produces an extraordinary effect, turning us into excitement, similar to the influence of a play in an unknown language. The princess saw everything, but could not fully understand anything. Everything moved, the frigate cleaned up and returned to its previous slender form. Suddenly the cannon burst into flames. Something red flashed and disappeared overboard. The flag sank to the very bottom, then flew up the mast again. Will he not come again today? But in the twilight steps were heard. A man in a Scottish cloak entered. With a jubilant heart, Vera rushed to him. But a man's hand pushed her away. “Princess, you are mistaken. I am not Pravin,” said an alien voice. Lieutenant Kakorin stood in front of her. “The captain is dead, he lost too much blood.” “His blood remains here,” he added bitterly... The performance did not start, they were waiting for the sovereign. The young Guards officer pointed his fashionable quadrangular lorgnette at one of the boxes, then leaned over to his neighbor: "Who is this beautiful lady next to the fat general?" - "This is the wife of Prince Peter ***" - "How? Is this the same Vera ***, about whose tragic love for Captain Pravin so much was said in the world?" - "Alas, this is his second wife. Princess Vera died in England after the death of the captain." Isn't death terrible? Isn't love beautiful? And are there things in the world where good and evil are not mixed? Author of the retelling: L. B. Shamshin << Back: Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov 1790/1795-1829 (Woe from Wit. Comedy in verse (1822-1825, published 1833)) >> Forward: Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin 1799-1837 (Ruslan and Lyudmila. Poem (1817-1820). Caucasian captive. Poem (1821-1822). Bakhchisarai fountain. Poem (1821-1823). Gypsies. Poem (1824, published 1827). Poltava. Poem (1828). The Bronze Horseman. Petersburg Tale Poem (1833). Eugene Onegin. Novel in verse (1823-1831). Boris Godunov. Tragedy (1824-1825, published 1831). The Miserly Knight. (Scenes from Chanston's tragicomedy: Thecovetousknight). Tragedy ( 1830). Mozart and Salieri. Tragedy (1830). The Stone Guest. Tragedy (1830). Feast during the plague. (From Wilson's tragedy: The city of the plague). Tragedy (1830). Stories of the late Ivan Petrovich Belkin (1830) Dubrovsky. Novel (1832, published 1841). The Queen of Spades. A Tale (1833). The Captain's Daughter. Novel (1836))
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