Wanderer. Travel novel (1831 - 1832)

A literary journey is, by its nature, two-dimensional: it is both a real journey and a journey of imagination (memories, reasoning, etc.). On the one hand, the material of the novel is the actual journey of officer A. Veltman through Bessarabia, Moldova, Valechia, Dobruja over the years of almost ten years of service, and the Russian-Turkish campaign of 1828. But, on the other hand, the hero’s journey is an imaginary journey on the map: " take Europe by the ends and lay it on the table"; the author wanders, “without leaving his deceased sofa.”

The reader is not allowed to establish himself on any one point of view: he is told about the map and the divan, but the descriptions of the locality, customs, etc. so detailed that they are in no way consistent with an imaginary journey - for example, descriptions of the Gorodishte monastery, carved into the rock above the Dniester, Moldavian dances, birds on a rotten lake near Chisinau, festivities in Iasi (fashionable ladies' dresses, like feasts, are a favorite topic for free and emphatically incoherent romantic "chatter"). The author avoids talking about famous sights - he is afraid to be banal. According to the general principle of the stylistic "variegation" of the "Wanderer", the descriptions in it can also be poetic (especially often the emphatically "low" life is described in this way - for example, nags dragging a Viennese carriage (ch. 47), a conversation (in different languages!) in Bucharest hotel with servants and merchants (ch. 157), similar to an excerpt from a comedy, or emphatically dry, as a reference: “By the way, about the Prut River. Its waves are born in the Carpathian mountains, die in the Danube. In general, the width of the river is from 5 to 10 sazhen. The water is muddy from speed, but it is healthy and has the property of mineral fixing waters.

The author is tormented by the realization that “everything has already been invented, everything has been said, everything has been written (chapter 171), therefore it is only possible to shuffle in your own way - like in a kaleidoscope - what was invented by others before you.” “The Wanderer” is divided into 3 parts, 45 “days”, 325 chapters (samples of the shortest chapters: “CXLI: She is gone”; “Don’t be angry that in this chapter you don’t hear the creak of my pen. This is a pause. Here is my thought expressed by silence" (chapter 304); such "fractionation" allows you to suddenly move from one theme and intonation to another. In general, Veltman in every possible way emphasizes the impulsiveness, arbitrariness and even "accidentality" of his work, the fundamental incompleteness of the novel ("the title is torn off, there is no beginning" ); the difference between the white paper and the draft is erased (“then it was erased”; “there was an example here; but I erased half of the example and scraped out the other. I didn’t like it because of its ordinariness...”).

In novels, the narrative is often interrupted by inserted short stories; in "The Wanderer" the main text, almost completely ironic, is interrupted by dramatic poems written in very pathetic rhythmic prose - a poem about Ovid and Emperor Augustus (chap. 290) and "Eskander"; Eskander is a freedom-loving hero: “I feel stuffy under the sky! <...> and the sky restricts my breathing; I would throw it off of me in order to breathe freely in the boundless space!..”; Jupiter himself blows to Eskander (“Jupiter! <...> and you know envy <...> towards the lucky one!..”); What destroys the hero is his love for the demonic maiden.

In addition, the playful journey is interrupted by lyrical poems about love; behind the demonstratively incoherent chatter of “The Wanderer” hides the second plan of the novel: the dramatic story of the author’s love for a married woman; this story must be reconstructed by the reader bit by bit.

In the third part of the lyrics in verse and prose, quite serious reasoning of the author about the meaning of life, happiness, and so on. they already noticeably push back the playful beginning, "The Wanderer" almost turns into a lyrical diary - and suddenly ends abruptly for the reader, at the whim of the author, interrupted almost in mid-sentence.

Author of the retelling: G. V. Zykova

<< Back: Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky 1800-1844 (Eda. Poem (1824, published 1826)). Ball. Poem (1828). Gypsy. Poem (1831, revised 1842))

>> Forward: Vladimir Fedorovich Odoevsky 1803-1869 (Princess Mimi. Tale (1834). Sylphide (From the notes of a prudent person). Tale (1836). Princess Zizi. Tale (1836, published 1839). Russian Nights. Novel (1844; 2nd ed. - 1862, published . 1913))

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