Infectious diseases. Escherichiosis (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Infectious diseases. Escherichiosis (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Table of contents (expand)

1. Escherichiosis

Escherichiosis is an acute infectious disease, mainly in young children, caused by various serovars of pathogenic Escherichia coli. They are characterized by the development of pathological processes in the gastrointestinal tract with infectious-toxic and diarrheal syndrome.

Certain strains of E. coli can cause severe diarrhea in children.

They are classified into:

1) enteropathogenic (EPKP) (Escherichia coli);

2) enterotoxigenic (ETCP);

3) enteroinvasive (EICP) E. coli;

4) lining.

Etiology. E. coli is a Gram-negative motile aerobic (facultatively anaerobic) bacillus.

Pathogenesis. ETCS can produce a thermostable, thermolabile toxin, or both simultaneously, the production of which is genetically controlled by transferred plasmids.

EICP can penetrate into the cells of the intestinal epithelium and multiply in them like shigella, resulting in edema, hyperemia, ulceration of the mucous membrane and increased exudation into the intestinal lumen.

Also, the pathogenetic mechanism is adhesion, lining and damage to the villous surface of the intestinal epithelium with a decrease in the activity of parietal enzymes, but without invasion.

Clinical manifestations. Diarrhea associated with EPEC is characterized by watery stools, which can be up to 10-20 times a day, and a slight increase in body temperature. In the feces there is an admixture of mucus, but there is no blood. Spontaneous healing occurs in 3-7 days. Young children may develop vomiting, dehydration, and electrolyte disturbances with acidosis.

Traveler's diarrhea due to ETEC is characterized by the sudden onset of frequent (10-20 times per day) liquid stools 1-2 weeks after arrival in the country. Acute diarrhea is often accompanied by severe cramping abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.

In patients with EIKP infection, symptoms develop after 18-24 hours (incubation period), the body temperature suddenly rises, severe diarrhea appears with urges and tenesmus, an admixture of mucus and blood in the feces is observed.

The disease caused by E. coli lining strains is characterized by a gradual onset and a chronic course. Children are slow growing and intolerant of certain foods.

Diagnosis. Gastroenteritis can be suspected with a sudden outbreak of an epidemic of diarrhea, especially in a children's team. Similar serotypes of E. coli can also be found in the nasopharynx, pharynx and stomach of patients.

Treatment. The main elements of treatment in children are the correction and maintenance of water and electrolyte balance.

Neomycin has been effective in treating diarrhea associated with EEC in young children.

Traveler's diarrhea (caused by ETEC in 60% of cases) responds well to treatment with trimethoprimsulfomethoxazole or trimethoprim alone when given early.

Author: Pavlova N.V.

>> Forward: Salmonella

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ Normal human anatomy. Crib

▪ Advertising and promotional activities. Lecture notes

▪ Internal illnesses. Lecture notes

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Cow with a methane tank 22.03.2010

Argentine biologists have supplied several cows with a balloon that collects methane produced in the complex stomach of ruminants when they digest food. Experimenters claim that a tube inserted into the stomach for several days does not interfere with the animal.

It turned out that a cow weighing 550 kilograms emits 800-1000 liters of methane per day. This gas contributes to the greenhouse effect much more than carbon dioxide. It is estimated that the Argentine cattle population (55 million heads) contributes almost a third of all greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere by this country.

Biologists intend to experiment with different types of forage to find ways to reduce emissions.

Other interesting news:

▪ Yaogan-30-09 Remote Sensing Satellites

▪ Feed the cows rapeseed

▪ Carbon nanotubes against water pollution by microplastics

▪ Self-driving Volvo cars with all-round visibility

▪ VOOK E-Trike Speed Tricycle

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Fundamentals of safe life (OBZhD). Article selection

▪ article The root of the doctrine is bitter, but its fruits are sweet. Popular expression

▪ article Why do warts appear? Detailed answer

▪ article Features of assembly and installation of electrical circuits. Directory

▪ article Self-made isodynamic emitters based on 10GI-1 heads. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Stereo FM 88...108 MHz receiver based on CXA1238S chip. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews