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16. Staphylococcal infection. Clinic
There are localized and generalized forms of staphylococcal infection.
Skin diseases. Purulent skin diseases are primary or secondary, manifested by impetigo, folliculitis, boils, carbuncles, bullous impetigo (pemphigus of the newborn, Ritter's disease) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's disease).
Respiratory diseases. Sinusitis and inflammation of the middle ear caused by Staphylococcus aureus may occur. Purulent parotitis is a rare disease.
Staphylococcal pneumonias can be primary or secondary if they develop after a viral infection.
Sepsis can occur at any localization of this infection and develops acutely with fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and muscle pain. Subsequently, microorganisms can be localized in the lungs, heart, joints, bones, kidneys or brain.
Diseases of muscle tissue. The development of localized abscesses in the muscles, not accompanied by septicemia, is called tropical purulent myositis.
Heart diseases. Acute bacterial endocarditis often follows staphylococcal bacteremia and is not always accompanied by changes in the heart valves.
CNS diseases. Meningitis caused by S. aureus often develops after staphylococcal bacteremia, sometimes with direct infection from the middle ear, with osteomyelitis of the bones of the cranial vault or spine.
Disease of the bones and joints. Staphylococcus aureus most often serves as an etiological factor in osteomyelitis.
Diseases of the kidneys. Staphylococci cause the development of abscesses in the kidneys and perirenal tissue.
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Staphylococcal enterocolitis is caused by excessive reproduction of staphylococci to the detriment of the normal intestinal flora.
Staphylococcal infection in newborns and children of the first year of life. Infection of a child is possible in the antenatal period, during childbirth or after birth.
Mild forms are characterized by the presence of a local focus and slightly pronounced intoxication, without disturbing the general condition and pathological changes in other internal organs.
Severe forms are characterized by severe intoxication, high body temperature, the presence of a localized purulent focus in the form of phlegmon, abscess, etc.
The most severe manifestation of infection is phlegmon of newborns, accompanied by an extensive suppurative-necrotic process in the subcutaneous fat of the back, neck, lumbar region, chest, and abdomen.
A feature of staphylococcal sepsis in premature newborns is the presence of mainly septicopyemic forms, less often - septicemia.
Author: Pavlova N.V.
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