State and municipal finances. The federal budget is the main financial plan of the country (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
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State and municipal finances. The federal budget is the main financial plan of the country (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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8. The federal budget is the main financial plan of the country

The budget plays an important economic, social, political role in the reproduction process. The state influences the redistribution of national income between industries. Through the budget, the state can influence weaker, non-monetary sectors (such as agriculture, culture, education, health care, etc.).

Federal budget- the form of formation and spending, based on the financial year, of funds intended for the fulfillment of expenditure obligations of the Russian Federation.

Like any other economic category, the budget performs certain functions: the formation of a budget fund, its use, control over the use of funds for their intended purpose.

The first function is associated with the formation of income, consisting of tax and non-tax revenues.

Main source of income- income of business entities received as a result of the redistribution of the national product.

The structure of budget revenues is not constant and depends on the economic development of the country in a certain period.

Another function is related to the targeted use of budgetary funds.

Finally, the third function involves the creation of a control associated with both the first and the second function. Targeted use of budgetary funds is subject to control. There is a special reporting form for this.

In accordance with the RF Budget Code, the budget has its own structure. The main constituent elements are budget revenues and expenditures.

Income and expenses, in turn, are subject to grouping.

The budget classification of the Russian Federation is a grouping of revenues, expenditures and sources of financing budget deficits at all levels.

Author: Novikova M.V.

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