Accounting financial accounting. Objects of financial accounting (the most important)

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Accounting financial accounting. Objects of financial accounting (the most important)

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5. OBJECTS OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING

To determine the objects of accounting, let's imagine an organization model as an enlarged structure of a management system that combines an organ or subject, management and a managed subsystem, channels of information communications and the external environment. Any economic system should be considered not only as a set of elements, but also as part of the external environment. In relation to the economy as a whole, external systems are the world economy, ecology, science, engineering, technology, etc. For individual organizations, the external environment is also formed by sectoral, regional, federal economic systems and their elements. Both the governing body and the managed subsystem are accounting objects.

The following processes should be distinguished in the structure of the managed subsystem:

▪ technical and economic (production and economic);

▪ financial and economic.

Technical and economic processes include technical preparation of production (TPP), supply, production, sales activities, as well as marketing (activities to study sales markets and stimulate sales).

By type and purpose financial resources are represented by non-current and current assets, the objects of which are often called property, and liabilities - equity and borrowed funds. To financial results includes profit (loss), the formation of which is preceded by receipt of income and expenses. reflected financial relations in settlements of an economic entity with partners: suppliers, buyers, banks and other credit organizations, investment institutions, insurance, trust and other companies. The elementary components of financial and economic processes include economic facts (operations).

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