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Accounting financial accounting. Value added tax (most important)

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17. VALUE ADDED TAX

The rules for calculating VAT are determined by Chapter 21 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

taxpayers all organizations and individual entrepreneurs are recognized.

The object The following transactions are subject to taxation:

▪ sale of goods (work, services) on the territory of the Russian Federation, including the sale of collateral and transfer of goods (results of work performed, services provided) under an agreement on the provision of compensation or novation, as well as transfer of property rights;

▪ transfer of goods on the territory of the Russian Federation (performance of work, provision of services) for one’s own needs, expenses for which are not deductible (including through depreciation charges) when calculating corporate income tax;

▪ carrying out construction and installation work for own consumption;

▪ import of goods into the customs territory of the Russian Federation.

Taxable period (including for tax agents) is set as a quarter.

Taxation is made at a rate of 10% when selling certain types of food products, goods for children, periodicals, medical products of domestic and foreign production: medicines, including medicinal substances, including in-pharmacy production; medical products. In other cases, taxation is carried out at the tax rate 18%.

From January 1, 2006, all organizations switched to the accrual method when calculating VAT. In this regard, the right to choose an accounting policy for VAT purposes was canceled and the moment of determining the tax base for all taxpayers, as indicated in the amended Art. 167 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, occurs on the earliest date: on the day of shipment (transfer) of goods (works, services), property rights or on the day of receipt of payment (partial payment) on account of their supply (transfer). At the same time, specifics are established separately at the time of determining the tax base for the transfer of property rights. When assigning to new creditors who have received a monetary claim and transferring property rights or when acquiring a monetary claim, this is the day the claim is ceded, the corresponding obligation is terminated, or the day the obligation is fulfilled by the debtor; in the case of the transfer of rights related to the right to conclude a contract and lease rights, this is the date of transfer of such rights.

When implementing products (goods, works, services), in addition to the price of the services sold, the appropriate amount of VAT must be presented to the buyer for payment. The amount of VAT presented to the buyer is calculated for each type of these services or goods as a percentage of the indicated prices corresponding to the tax rate.

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