Accounting financial accounting. Formation and accounting of authorized capital in joint-stock companies (the most important)

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Accounting financial accounting. Formation and accounting of authorized capital in joint-stock companies (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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73. FORMATION AND ACCOUNTING OF AUTHORIZED CAPITAL IN JOINT STOCK COMPANIES

Joint-stock company (JSC) is a company whose authorized capital is divided into a certain number of shares; participants in a joint-stock company (shareholders) are not liable for its obligations and bear the risk of losses associated with the activities of the company, within the value of their shares (Article 96 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

The minimum amount of authorized capital for closed joint-stock companies is 100 minimum monthly wages (minimum wages) established by law, for open joint-stock companies - 1000 minimum wages. A joint-stock company whose members may alienate their shares without the consent of other shareholders is recognized open joint stock company (OAO). Such a company has the right to conduct an open subscription for shares issued by it and their free sale on the terms established by law and other legal acts (Article 97 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). A joint stock company, the shares of which are distributed only among its founders or other predetermined circle of persons, is recognized closed joint stock company (COMPANY). Such a company is not entitled to conduct an open subscription for the shares it issues or otherwise offer them for purchase to an unlimited circle of persons (Article 97 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

In the course of its activities, a joint-stock company may increase or decrease its authorized capital.

Increase the authorized capital happens due to:

▪ issuing additional and increasing the par value of previously issued shares: D-t 75, K-t 80;

▪ retained earnings: Dt 84, Kt 80.

Reduced share capital possible through:

1) decrease in the par value of shares: Dt 80, Kt 75;

2) redemption of own shares from shareholders; since shares can be repurchased at prices above or below their par value, if the repurchase price exceeds the par value, there are expenses, and when the repurchase price is lower, income; repurchased shares are recorded on account 81 "Own shares (shares)". When repurchasing own shares, the following accounting entries are made: Dt sch. 81, K-t account. 50, 51, 52, 55; Dt 81, Kt 91; Dt 91, Kt 81; Dt 80, Kt 81.

A special place in the accounting of a joint-stock company is occupied by settlements with the founders for the payment of dividends (account 75 "Settlements with the founders", sub-account 75-2 "Calculations for the payment of income").

Accrual of dividends and their payment in the accounting of a joint-stock company they are drawn up as follows: Dt 84, Kt 70; Dt 70, Kt 68; Dt 70, Kt 50.

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