Accounting financial accounting. Depreciation accounting and inventory of intangible assets (the most important)

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Accounting financial accounting. Depreciation accounting and inventory of intangible assets (the most important)

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38. AMORTIZATION ACCOUNTING AND INVENTORY OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The cost of intangible assets (IA) with a certain useful life is repaid through depreciation over their useful life (expressed in months - the period during which the organization expects to use the NA in order to obtain economic benefits).

Depreciation not charged for US with an indefinite useful life, for US of non-commercial organizations.

Determination of the monthly amount of depreciation deductions for NA is carried out in one of the following ways:

1) linear method;

2) diminishing residue method;

3) method of writing off the cost in proportion to the volume of products (works).

The choice of the method for determining the depreciation of AS is made by the organization based on the calculation of the expected receipt of future economic benefits from the use of the asset, including the financial result from the possible sale of this asset. In the event that the calculation of the expected flow of future economic benefits from the use of NA is not reliable, the amount of depreciation for such an asset is determined on a straight-line basis.

The monthly depreciation amount is calculated as follows:

a) with a linear method - based on the actual (initial) cost or the current market value (in case of revaluation) of the AS evenly over the useful life of this asset;

b) with the reducing balance method - based on the residual value (actual (initial) value or current market value (in case of revaluation) minus accrued depreciation) at the beginning of the month, multiplied by a fraction, in the numerator of which is the coefficient established by the organization (not higher than 3), and in the denominator - remaining useful life in months;

at) with the method of writing off the cost in proportion to the volume of products (works) - based on the physical indicator of the volume of output (work) for the month and the ratio of the actual (initial) cost of the SS and the estimated volume of products (work) for the entire useful life of the SS.

Depreciation deductions for NA start from the first day of the month following the month of acceptance of this asset for accounting, and are accrued until the full repayment of the cost or write-off of this asset from accounting.

Depreciation deductions for NA are reflected in the accounting of the reporting period to which they relate, and are charged regardless of the results of the organization's activities in the reporting period.

In accounting, depreciation is calculated using a passive account 05 "Amortization of intangible assets". This account records information on accumulated depreciation charges for assets owned by the organization on a proprietary basis, for which the cost is repaid. The credit of account 05 takes into account the accrual of depreciation, the debit - its write-off on retired assets.

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