Table of contents (expand)
- Subject, method and principles of commercial law
- Trade Law
- Non-legislative sources
- State control over compliance with the rules of commercial activity
- Protection against illegal actions of regulatory authorities
- Individual entrepreneur
- Responsibility of an individual entrepreneur. Termination of its activity
- Commercial organizations
- Separate and non-separate divisions
- Objects of civil rights of an entrepreneur
- Money (currency) and securities
- Real estate. Works and services. Accounts receivable. debts
- Product concept
- Means of individualization of a commercial organization
- Means of individualization of products, goods, works or services
- The concept of a commodity market
- Structure and infrastructure of the commodity market
- Markets of perfect and imperfect competition. Protection of competition
- The concept of competition under Russian law
- Abuse of an economic entity by its dominant position
- Commodity exchange
- Features of exchange trading
- Auction house. auction trading
- Organization of auction trade. Auction technique
- wholesale fair
- Commercial commitment
- Classification of commercial obligations
- Commercial transaction: concept and types
- Contract in commercial activity
- Content of the contract
- Form of contract
- Interpretation of the contract. Registration of the contract
- Ways to conclude a contract
- Change and termination of the contract. Change of persons in obligation
- Types of civil law contracts used in commercial activities
- The concept and types of commercial contracts
- The concept of the sale of goods, works or services. Implementation agreement
- Barter agreement
- Trade credit agreement
- Legal regulation of contractual relations. Preamble to the treaty
- Identification of the legal status of the counterparty in the transaction
- subject of a contract
- Product quality
- Packaging and labeling
- Assortment, completeness and set of goods. Delivery time
- The main obligations of the parties. Time of transfer of ownership
- The difference between a supply contract and a retail sale contract
- Price basis
- Principles for determining the price of goods, works or services for tax purposes
- Form of non-cash payments. Settlements by payment orders
- Settlements by letter of credit, by collection, by checks
- Information constituting a trade secret
- Responsibility and procedure for settling disputes of entrepreneurs
- Ways to ensure the fulfillment of contractual obligations
- Penalty
- Pledge and retention
- Surety agreement. Deposit
- Bank guarantee
- Operational measures. Options for the supplier in case of violation of obligations by the payer
- Options for the payer in case of violation of obligations by the supplier
- Termination of obligations under the contract
- Commercial representation
- Commercial mediation. Labor representation
- Contract of agency
- Commission agreement
- Agency contract
- Transportation of goods. Contract for the carriage of goods
- Agreement on the organization of cargo transportation. Chartering agreement (charter). Freight Forwarding Agreement
- The concept and types of warehouse services
- Warehousing agreement
- Warehouse receipts
- The concept and general characteristics of franchising. Commercial concession agreement
- Varieties of franchising
- Benefits of franchising as a type of business activity for its participants
- The concept of marketing activities
- Concept, principles, types and goals of marketing research. Sources of information
44. PACKAGING AND LABELING
In paragraph 1 of Art. 481 of the Civil Code establishes a general rule on the obligation of the seller to pack or pack the goods, unless otherwise provided by the contract and follows from the essence of the obligation, and also if the goods by their nature do not require packing or packaging. In the event of a dispute, the burden of proving the absence of such obligation (which can only be determined by the nature of the goods) rests with the seller.
At present, in the part that does not contradict the Civil Code, it is possible to apply the Regulations on the procedure for the circulation of reusable packaging facilities in the national economy, approved by the Decree of the USSR Gossnab and the USSR State Arbitration Court of February 14, 1980 (BNA USSR. 1980. No. 8).
The requirements for packaging are:
▪ the presence of a material basis that has two main functions;
▪ ensuring the safety of cargo using the chosen method of storage and transportation;
▪ ensuring convenience for moving goods.
Marking - a symbol applied to the packaging of a package and containing the data necessary for the proper transportation and delivery of the cargo to the recipient.
The requirements for labeling are:
▪ informing about the buyer’s details, contract number, transport number, weight and dimensional characteristics of the seats, number of the place and number of seats in the batch or transport;
▪ instructions to transport organizations on the method of handling cargo;
▪ warning about the dangers that the transported cargo may pose if it is handled improperly.
Permission to place advertising markings must be specified in the contract.
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