Table of contents (expand)
- Subject, method and principles of commercial law
- Trade Law
- Non-legislative sources
- State control over compliance with the rules of commercial activity
- Protection against illegal actions of regulatory authorities
- Individual entrepreneur
- Responsibility of an individual entrepreneur. Termination of its activity
- Commercial organizations
- Separate and non-separate divisions
- Objects of civil rights of an entrepreneur
- Money (currency) and securities
- Real estate. Works and services. Accounts receivable. debts
- Product concept
- Means of individualization of a commercial organization
- Means of individualization of products, goods, works or services
- The concept of a commodity market
- Structure and infrastructure of the commodity market
- Markets of perfect and imperfect competition. Protection of competition
- The concept of competition under Russian law
- Abuse of an economic entity by its dominant position
- Commodity exchange
- Features of exchange trading
- Auction house. auction trading
- Organization of auction trade. Auction technique
- wholesale fair
- Commercial commitment
- Classification of commercial obligations
- Commercial transaction: concept and types
- Contract in commercial activity
- Content of the contract
- Form of contract
- Interpretation of the contract. Registration of the contract
- Ways to conclude a contract
- Change and termination of the contract. Change of persons in obligation
- Types of civil law contracts used in commercial activities
- The concept and types of commercial contracts
- The concept of the sale of goods, works or services. Implementation agreement
- Barter agreement
- Trade credit agreement
- Legal regulation of contractual relations. Preamble to the treaty
- Identification of the legal status of the counterparty in the transaction
- subject of a contract
- Product quality
- Packaging and labeling
- Assortment, completeness and set of goods. Delivery time
- The main obligations of the parties. Time of transfer of ownership
- The difference between a supply contract and a retail sale contract
- Price basis
- Principles for determining the price of goods, works or services for tax purposes
- Form of non-cash payments. Settlements by payment orders
- Settlements by letter of credit, by collection, by checks
- Information constituting a trade secret
- Responsibility and procedure for settling disputes of entrepreneurs
- Ways to ensure the fulfillment of contractual obligations
- Penalty
- Pledge and retention
- Surety agreement. Deposit
- Bank guarantee
- Operational measures. Options for the supplier in case of violation of obligations by the payer
- Options for the payer in case of violation of obligations by the supplier
- Termination of obligations under the contract
- Commercial representation
- Commercial mediation. Labor representation
- Contract of agency
- Commission agreement
- Agency contract
- Transportation of goods. Contract for the carriage of goods
- Agreement on the organization of cargo transportation. Chartering agreement (charter). Freight Forwarding Agreement
- The concept and types of warehouse services
- Warehousing agreement
- Warehouse receipts
- The concept and general characteristics of franchising. Commercial concession agreement
- Varieties of franchising
- Benefits of franchising as a type of business activity for its participants
- The concept of marketing activities
- Concept, principles, types and goals of marketing research. Sources of information
12. REAL ESTATE. WORKS AND SERVICES. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE. DEBTS
К Real Estate according to Art. 130 and 132 of the Civil Code include, firstly, objects that cannot be moved without disproportionate damage to their purpose: land plots, subsoil plots (i.e., part of the earth’s crust located below the soil layer and the bottom of water bodies, extending to depths accessible to geological study and development), isolated water bodies, forests, perennial plantations, buildings, structures and other objects firmly connected with the land; secondly, things that need special state registration: air and sea vessels, inland navigation vessels, space objects, enterprises as property complexes. Also to this list should be added objects of construction in progress, with the exception of those that can be moved without disproportionate damage to their purpose.
A large group of laws regulates real estate, including the Land Code of the Russian Federation, the Water Code of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law "On State Registration of Rights to Real Estate and Transactions with It", the Federal Law "On the State Real Estate Cadastre", etc.
Company. The transition to the creation of retail trade enterprises is associated not only with the marketing of consumer demand, the transition to the conclusion of public contracts (retail purchase and sale), but also with the identification of the optimal type of trading structure.
Works and services are rather succinctly defined in the tax legislation.
Work activity is recognized, the results of which have a material expression and can be implemented to meet the needs of the organization and (or) individuals.
service activity is recognized, the results of which do not have a material expression, are realized and consumed in the process of carrying out this activity.
Receivables - these are the rights of claim belonging to the creditor for the unfulfilled monetary obligations of his counterparties to pay for the goods actually delivered, work performed or services rendered (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On additional measures to improve procedures for foreclosing the property of organizations").
In Art. 128 of the Civil Code, among the objects of civil rights, debts are not named among other types of property.
Business debt is called accounts payable. As a legal category, accounts payable is a special part of the organization’s property, which is the subject of obligatory relations between the organization and its creditors. The entrepreneur owns and uses accounts payable, but is obliged to return them to creditors. Accounts payable, together with equity capital, are part of the organization's property.
<< Back: Money (currency) and securities
>> Forward: Product concept
We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:
▪ Agricultural law. Crib
▪ Organization theory. Crib
▪ Age-related psychology. Lecture notes
See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.
Read and write useful comments on this article.
<< Back
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven
09.05.2024
Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>
Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5
09.05.2024
Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>
Energy from space for Starship
08.05.2024
Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>
| Random news from the Archive Voice control of LG air conditioners
16.01.2017
LG Electronics will begin introducing voice control to all of its air conditioners in 2018. This was stated by Song Dae-hyun, head of home appliance division of LG Home Appliance & Air Solutions.
"We take into account partnerships with third-party technologies such as Apple Siri and Amazon Alexa," the top manager said.
He also promised that all LG consumer electronics will be equipped with Wi-Fi wireless modules this year. Owners of already released appliances will be able to take advantage of Smart ThinQ technology, which allows you to connect household appliances to the Internet.
These statements were made at an event dedicated to the demonstration of an artificial intelligence air conditioner. The novelty, called Whisen Dual Air Conditioner, adapts to the user's habits and environment.
By analyzing the data, the system distributes the cooled air to those areas of the room that are most often visited by people. Thanks to this, it was possible to achieve energy savings of 20% compared to traditional installations, the manufacturer notes.
The new device regulates the strength and direction of the air flow using a built-in camera that determines the number and location of people. For example, if one person is near the air conditioner, then one outlet opens towards him, from where a weak breeze blows, and to a person who is at a remote distance, the system sends strong air flows from several tubes.
If the air conditioner recognizes only one person in the living room, it automatically uses only one air flow, saving up to 50% of energy.
|
Other interesting news:
▪ back helper
▪ Samsung Family Hub refrigerator with Wi-Fi, cameras and screen
▪ Space tourism Virgin Galactic
▪ Worms against aging
▪ Electricity and data over the air
News feed of science and technology, new electronics
Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:
▪ section of the site Audio and video surveillance. Selection of articles
▪ article Separate the sheep from the goats. Popular expression
▪ article Which Indian prophet was unofficially canonized by the church through a character in a parable? Detailed answer
▪ article Hamamelis virginiana. Legends, cultivation, methods of application
▪ article Gas pipe detector. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
▪ article Beads on pins. Focus Secret
Leave your comment on this article:
All languages of this page
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua
2000-2024
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese