Commercial law. Standardization in Russia (lecture notes)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Commercial law. Standardization in Russia (lecture notes)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Table of contents (expand)

LECTURE No. 36. Standardization in Russia

Standardization is an activity to establish norms, rules and characteristics for the purpose of their voluntary reuse, aimed at achieving orderliness in the sphere of production and circulation of products and increasing the competitiveness of works, goods and services (Article 2 of the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation"). Standardization principles:

1) voluntary application of standards;

2) maximum consideration in the development of standards of the legitimate interests of interested parties;

3) international standards that are the basis of national standards;

4) the inadmissibility of establishing standards that are contrary to technical regulations.

Standardization provides:

1) safety of products, works and services for the environment, life, health and property;

2) technical and information compatibility, as well as interchangeability of products;

3) the quality of products, works and services in accordance with the level of development of science, engineering and technology;

4) unity of measurements;

5) saving all types of resources;

6) safety of economic facilities, taking into account the risk of natural and technological disasters and other emergencies;

7) the defense capability and mobilization readiness of the country.

Requirements established by regulatory documents for standardization should be based on modern achievements in science, engineering and technology, international standards, rules, norms and recommendations for standardization, progressive national standards of other states; take into account the conditions for the use of products, the performance of work and the provision of services, working conditions and modes of work and must not violate the provisions established by acts of the legislation of the Russian Federation.

At present, the national standardization system includes the following elements:

1) state (national) standards of the Russian Federation;

2) applicable international standards;

3) rules, norms and recommendations for standardization;

4) all-Russian classifiers of technical and economic information;

5) industry standards;

6) enterprise standards;

7) standards of scientific, technical, engineering societies and other public associations.

State standards are developed for products, works and services of cross-sectoral significance and must not contradict the legislation of the Russian Federation. Decree of the State Standard of the Russian Federation dated January 30, 2004 No. 4 "On National Standards in the Russian Federation" state and interstate standards adopted before July 1, 2004 are recognized as national standards. Their provisions are mandatory in the following cases:

1) if it concerns the protection of the life and health of citizens;

2) protection of property of citizens;

3) environmental protection;

4) protection from fraud in the market.

Requirements established by national standards to ensure the safety of products, works and services for the environment, life, health and property, for technical and information compatibility, interchangeability of products, uniformity of methods for their control and uniformity of labeling, as well as other requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, are obligatory for observance by state governing bodies, economic entities.

Industry standards can be developed and adopted by state authorities within their competence in relation to products, works and services of industry importance. These standards must not violate the mandatory requirements of state standards.

Enterprise standards are developed and approved independently to improve production in order to meet product requirements, as well as to improve organization and management. The requirements of enterprise standards are subject to obligatory observance by other business entities if the contract for the development, production and supply of products, for the performance of work and the provision of services refers to these standards.

The standards of public associations are developed and adopted by them for the dynamic dissemination and use of the results of research and development obtained in various fields of knowledge.

Standards of business entities should not violate the mandatory requirements of state standards.

Control and supervision over compliance with the mandatory requirements of state standards and technical regulations until the Government of the Russian Federation makes a decision to transfer these functions to other federal executive bodies is carried out by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology.

Gosstandart of Russia adopts state standards and all-Russian classifiers of technical and economic information.

State control and supervision over compliance by business entities with the mandatory requirements of state standards is carried out at the following stages:

1) development, preparation of products for production;

2) product manufacturing;

3) sales of products;

4) use (operation) of products;

5) storage, transportation, disposal, as well as during the performance of work and the provision of services.

Officials of economic entities are obliged to create all the conditions that are necessary for the exercise of control and supervisory powers. The bodies exercising state control and supervision over compliance with mandatory requirements are the State Standard of Russia and other specially authorized government bodies. The implementation of state control and supervision over compliance with the mandatory requirements of state standards on behalf of the State Standard of Russia is carried out by its officials - state inspectors:

1) the chief state inspector of the Russian Federation for supervision of state standards;

2) chief state inspectors of the republics within the Russian Federation, territories, regions, autonomous regions, autonomous districts, cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg for the supervision of state standards;

3) state inspectors for the supervision of state standards.

State inspectors for the supervision of state standards have the right to:

1) free access to office and production premises of a business entity;

2) receive from the subject of economic activity the documents and information necessary for the implementation of state control and supervision;

3) use technical means and specialists of a business entity in the course of state control and supervision;

4) issue instructions to prohibit or suspend the sale, use of tested products, as well as the performance of work and the provision of services in case of non-compliance of products, works and services with the mandatory requirements of state standards.

<< Back: Technical regulations

>> Forward: Confirmation of conformity of quality of goods and services

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ Ethics. Crib

▪ Sociology. Crib

▪ History of world and domestic culture. Crib

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Charging trailer for electric cars 17.02.2023

The American company Colorado Teardrops, by connecting a trailer with a battery, has thus made a unique paverbenko. This is also a full-fledged motor home, and if the user needs to reduce the time while the car is charging, then inside the camper all conditions for relaxation are created.

Inside the camper called The Boulder can accommodate up to 4 people. There is a 75 kWh battery with reverse charging when parked.

For an additional fee, you can equip the trailer with other devices - install an air conditioner, a heater, a water tank with a hand pump, etc.

The start of sales of such trailers is scheduled for the second half of 2023. The base price was set at $67, but there is a $12 rebate under the federal loan program.

Other interesting news:

▪ Samsung Portable T7 Shield 4 TV SSD

▪ Created the first synthetic retina

▪ Topological laser

▪ Sapphire razor

▪ Tesla will release an amphibious electric car

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Big encyclopedia for children and adults. Selection of articles

▪ article by Ronald Wilson Reagan. Famous aphorisms

▪ article What is slate? Detailed answer

▪ article Curator of the registration department. Job description

▪ article Enameling cast iron and cast iron utensils. Simple recipes and tips

▪ article High power power supply, 100 W. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews