Enameling of cast iron and cast iron utensils. simple recipes

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FACTORY TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME - SIMPLE RECIPES
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Enameling of cast iron and cast iron utensils. Simple recipes and tips

Factory technologies - simple recipes

Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes

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Эмаль is a fusible glassy composition applied to the metal surface in powder or paste form and attached to the metal during firing. Enamel should be more fusible than the metal on which it is applied, and have the same ability to expand from heating.

Enameling cast iron and cast iron utensils is produced as follows.

The dishes are thoroughly cleaned of rust, dirt, grease and other impurities, the presence of which prevents the enamel from being bonded to the metal. For perfect cleaning, the dishes are fired on charcoal to a dark cherry color and, after cooling, are immersed for 10-15 minutes in a solution of 100 g of hydrochloric acid and 20 g of tin chloride in 1 liter of water. Enameling

The metal in this solution should become shiny. If stains remain on the metal, they must be removed with fine sand. Further, the objects to be enamelled, thoroughly washed with water and dipped in a 5% solution of potash to destroy traces of acid (the solution must be filtered through the canvas). After washing in hot water, the objects are allowed to dry without heating.

The dishes prepared in this way are wiped with a clean rag and primed with a mass composed of a finely ground mixture of 55 kg of quartz, 8 kg of fluorspar and 25 kg of borax. This mixture is heated until melted in clay crucibles; the resulting mass is broken into pieces and crushed. Then, 35 to 14 kg of quartz powder, 27,5 to 9 kg of gray clay and 14 kg of borax are taken per 1 kg of the resulting crushed mass, after which the mixture is ground in a mill.

During grinding, another 5 kg of clay and 1,5 kg of borax are added to this amount. The ground mixture with water or a mixture of clay and water turns into a paste, which is applied to the surface to be enamelled. After drying the tip, it is fired in muffles. After firing, a yellowish layer of enamel is obtained, which should adhere firmly to the metal. When the dishes coated with the primer material have cooled, they are covered with a finishing enamel applied in the form of batter.

The composition for enamel is obtained by mixing 5,5 kg of finely ground fluorspar with 2,25 kg of zinc oxide, 10,5 kg of tin oxide, 1,5 kg of bone meal and 80 g of schmaltin (mineral) to eliminate the yellow tint of enamel. To this mixture is added 35 kg of crushed fluorspar, 20 kg of borax, 7 kg of crystalline soda and 2,75-3,25 kg of sodium nitrate.

All this is melted in refractory crucibles with a hole at the bottom, through which the molten mass flows out of the dishes located at the bottom of the furnace. When the mass happens, it is broken and crushed into powder. For every 33 kg of powder, 150 g of white clay, diluted with water, and 250 g of zinc oxide are taken, after grinding well. If the mass came out of the mill thick, it is diluted with water.

The mass is applied to the surface of the soil and fired. The enamel is white with a strong even sheen. Dishes are sorted while still hot, and defective items can be re-enamelled.

Author: Korolev V.A.

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