High power power supply, 100 W. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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High power power supply, 100 W. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Power Supplies

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This device, powered by an alternating current, is intended to power the devices and mechanisms of the electrical equipment of the car, the radio-electronic equipment installed in it during repair or maintenance work. For example, when preparing a car for a technical inspection, for a long journey, to recharge the battery, check the ignition system, instrumentation, etc. It can also power portable transceiver equipment with an output power of up to 100 W around the clock. The current in the load connected to the source can reach 20 A at a ripple voltage of about 1 V.

High power power supply, 100 W

But one important circumstance should be taken into account: this power source is unsuitable for starting a car engine with a starter. The scheme of the device is shown in fig. 3.10. Winding with terminals 7-8, windings connected in series with terminals 9-10, 11-13, 14-16 of the network transformer T1 and diodes VD1 ... VD4 form a full-wave rectifier. To reduce the internal resistance of the rectifier, the diodes VD1, VD2 and VD3, VD4 of its arms are connected in parallel. In addition, they are germanium, therefore, the voltage drop across them is minimal, which helps to reduce the heat generated by them.

To smooth the ripples of the rectified voltage, a high-capacity oxide capacitor C1 - 200000 microfarads was used. Resistor R1 and zener diode VD5 form a parametric DC voltage stabilizer of 10 V. This voltage, the ripples of which are additionally smoothed out by capacitor C2, is supplied to pin 8 of the KR142EN5A microcircuit stabilizer

(DA1) with a fixed output voltage of 5 V. From the output (pin 2) of the stabilizer, a voltage of about 15 V is supplied to the base of the emitter follower, composed of three powerful transistors VT1 ... VT3 connected in parallel. In general. By selecting a VD5 zener diode with a lower stabilization voltage, you can set a voltage from 8 to 12 V at the source output. On the VD6 diode and capacitor C3, a half-wave alternating winding voltage rectifier with terminals 14-16 of the mains transformer is assembled, which feeds the HL1 LED - an indicator of connecting the device to the network. Resistor R2 limits the current flowing through the LED.

In principle, the LED indicator can be connected to the output of the main rectifier, but then, due to the long discharge of the filter capacitor C1, it will glow for some time after opening the contacts of the mains switch.

Network transformer T1 - unified, brand TN61. It can be replaced by a transformer with two secondary windings, each of which provides an alternating voltage of 14 ... 16 V at a load current of up to 20 A. Capacitor C1 - oxide K50-18 for a rated voltage of 20 V.

It must be borne in mind that oxide capacitors have a significant variation in nominal capacitance and, in addition, reduce capacitance over time. Therefore, in the power supply, it is desirable to use a capacitor of the largest possible capacity produced in recent years. Capacitor C2 - K50-6, C3 - K53-1A or any other oxide for a rated voltage of at least 15 V. Diodes D305 (VD1 ... VD4) can be replaced with D302 or KD219A - powerful with a Schottky barrier. Zener diode VD5 - KS210V or D814V. It may happen that during long-term operation of the source under load, one of the diodes of the main rectifier will heat up more than the other three. This will indicate that its on-resistance is greater than other rectifier diodes. Such a diode should be replaced.

The desired brightness of the HL1 indicator is set by selecting the resistor R2. The heavy duty power supply described here does not have an overload protection assembly. Therefore, when using it, avoid accidental short circuits of its output sockets - clamps or in the power circuits of devices connected to it. In the case of long-term operation of the source at the maximum load current, it is necessary to control the temperature of the mains transformer - it should not exceed 60°C.

Author: Semyan A.P.

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