English for doctors. Cell (most important)

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English for doctors. Cell (most important)

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2.Cell

The cell is a smallest independent unit in the body containing all the essential properties of life. Man y types of human cells can be grown in test tubes after beeing taken from the body. Cells which are functionally organized are often grouped together and operate in concert as a tissue, such as muscle tissue or nervous tissue. Various tissues may be arranged together to form a unit called organ as the kidney, liver, heart or lungs. Organs often function in groups called organ systems. Thus the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver and intestines constitute the digestive system.

Cells are characterized by a high degree of complexity and order in both structure and function. The cell contains a number.

Of structures called cell organelles. These are responsible for carrying out the specialized biochemical reactions characterizing each. The many chemical reactions taking place in a cell require the establishment of varied chemical microenvironment.

Carefully transport controlled mechanisms along with highly effective barriers - the cell membranes - ensure that chemicals are present in the proper region of the cell in appropriate concentration.

The cell membranes of a mixture of protein and lipid form its surroundings.

Membranes are an essential component of almost all cells of the organelles. The membrane allows only certain molecules to pass through it.

The most visible and essential organelle in a cell is the nucleus, containing genetic material and regulating the activities of the entire cell.

The area outside of the molecules is called the cytoplasm. Cytoplasm contains a variety of organelles that have different functions.

new words

cell - cell

independent - independent

unit - unit

body - body

all - all

lipid - fat

microenvironment - microweapons

muscle - muscular

nervous - nervous

digestive - digestive

life - life

human - human

together - together

tissue - tissue

organ systems - organ systems

to function - function

to contain - contain

membranes

protein - protein

nucleus - core

cytoplasm - cytoplasm

different - various

Author: Elena Belikova

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