English for doctors. Pleura (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

English for doctors. Pleura (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Table of contents (expand)

38. Pleura

Visceral pleura is a thin serous membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs. A delicate connective tissue layer of collagen and elastin, containing lymphatic channels, vessels, and nerves, supports the membrane. Its surface is covered by simple squamous mesothelium with microvilli.

Parietal pleura is that portion of the pleura that continues onto the inner aspect of the thoracic wall. It is continuous with the visceral pleura and is lined by the same me-sothelium.

The pleural cavity is a very narrow fluid-filled space that contains monocytes located between the two pleural membranes. It contains no gases and becomes a true cavity only in disease (eg, in pleural infection, fluid and pus may accumulate in the pleural space). If the chest wall is punctured, air may enter the pleural space (pneumotho-rax), breaking the vacuum, and allowing the lung to recoil. Parietal pleura lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity; visceral pleura follows the contours of the lung itself.

Pleural cavity: The pleural cavity is the space between the parietal and visceral layers of the pleura. It is a sealed, blind space. The introduction of air into the pleural cavity may cause the lung to col lapse (pneumothorax).

It normally contains a small amount of serous fluid elaborated by mesothelial cells of the pleural membrane.

Pleural reflections are areas where the pleura changes direction from one wall to the other. The sternal line of reflection is where the costal pleura is continuous with the mediastinal pleura behind the sternum (from costal cartilages 2-4). The pleural margin then passes inferiorly to the level of the sixth costal cartilage. The costal line of reflection is where the costal pleura becomes continuous with the diaphragmatic pleura from rib 8 in the mid-clavicular line, to rib 10 in the midaxillary line, and to rib 12 lateral to the vertebral column. Pleural recesses are potential spaces not occupied by lung tissue except during inspiration deep. Costodiaphragmatic recesses are spaces below the inferior borders of the lungs where costal and diaphragmatic pleura are in contact. Costomedia-stinal recess is a space where the left costal and mediasti-nal parietal pleura meet, leaving a space due to the cardiac notch of the left lung. This space is occupied by the lingu-la of the left lung during inspiration.

In nervation of the parietal pleura: The costal and peripheral portions of the diaphragmatic pleura are supplied by intercostal nerves.

The central portion of the diaphragmatic pleura and the media astinal pleura are supplied by the phrenic nerve.

new words

visceral - visceral

pleura - pleura

dcollagen - collagen

elastin - elastin

lymphatic channels - lymphatic vessels

nerves - nerves

squamous - scaly

microvilli - microvilli

parietal pleura - parietal pleura

visceral pleura - visceral pleura

costal - costal

Author: Elena Belikova

<< Back: respiratory bronchioles

>> Forward: Nasal cavities

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ Audit. Lecture notes

▪ Fundamentals of sociology and political science. Crib

▪ English for doctors. Lecture notes

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Freecom Hard Drive XS 3.0 - external hard drive with USB 3.0 24.11.2009

The world's first USB 3.0 external hard drive is announced by Freecom. The device, made in a 3,5-inch form factor, is enclosed in a shockproof rubberized case.

There are three options for the amount of stored information (1, 1,5 and 2 TB). When using USB 3.0, the declared data transfer rate will be 130 MB / s.

Terabyte model will be sold in Europe at a price of 119 euros.

Other interesting news:

▪ The world's first optical fuse from MOLEX

▪ Mirror of atoms

▪ Highscreen Alpha R Full HD smartphone with a week of battery life

▪ Smartphone Honor View 10 with artificial intelligence

▪ Noise improves sensor performance

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ website section Television. Article selection

▪ article Kovalevskaya Sofia Vasilievna. Famous aphorisms

▪ How does a chameleon catch its prey? Detailed answer

▪ article Bear bow. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Night light with acoustic switch. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Penetrating scarf. Focus Secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews