Banking audit. Internal bank control and audit (the most important)

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Banking audit. Internal bank control and audit (the most important)

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40. Internal control and audit

One of the conditions for internal control is a clear separation of control and executive functions when keeping records in a bank.

The Bank exercises preliminary and subsequent control over its operations.

When conducting preliminary control, banking operations are controlled at the time of their completion or before that moment. Most banking operations are subject to preliminary control (cash, deposit, settlement).

When accepting monetary documents, the responsible executor (accountant, controller) is obliged to check whether the document complies with the established form of the form, whether all the details provided for in the form are filled in, the correctness of the bank details (in case of absence, they are affixed by the bank employees), whether the seal and signature of the manager correspond invoice declared to the bank samples. After that, the document is certified by the signature of the responsible executor.

Orders for the accounts of bank funds, precious metals, for the expenditure of cash, profits and losses, for accounting for overdue debts and interest, debts written off at a loss, as well as orders for closing settlement, current, budget accounts and orders for closing correspondent accounts, orders to correct errors in accounting must have a control signature. The control signature for the types of transactions is provided to senior persons appointed by order for the bank.

Accounting entries are corrected using the reverse reversal method. The document serving as the basis for making a corrective entry is a corrective order. The warrant is issued in 4 copies. Due to the fact that corrective entries are not massive, the Bank of Russia does not allow the production of corrective orders using computer technology.

Settlement and monetary documents, on the basis of which banking institutions received and issued cash and other valuables and transferred funds from one account to another bank account, must have a posting date and signatures of the bank officials who issued the document and checked it, and the documents for those operations for which additional control is not required - one signature of the responsible executor.

Follow-up is carried out selectively or thematically. It is carried out by the chief accountant of the bank or authorized persons by his order.

The organization of control and daily monitoring of its implementation in all areas of accounting, operational and cash work are assigned to the chief accountant.

Chief accountants of banking institutions, their deputies, heads of departments and inspectors of follow-up control are obliged by position to systematically carry out subsequent checks of accounting and operational work.

Subsequent inspections should be carried out in such a way that the work of each accounting and operational employee is checked, as a rule, at least once a year.

In order to maintain the financial stability of the bank, competently conduct operations, ensure the safety and increase of liabilities, obtain reliable information about the financial condition and the state of executive discipline, many banks began to introduce internal audit departments instead of auditing and accounting departments.

In contrast to the auditing and accounting departments, audit departments are also assigned broader functions. Thus, the following tasks can be assigned to the audit department:

▪ administrative control;

▪ accounting control;

▪ control of the liquidity of assets and the safety of liabilities, compliance of the structures of liabilities and assets;

▪ monitoring the profitability and profitability of operations.

The main outgoing documents of the audit department are:

▪ notes on the state of affairs in a particular area of the bank’s activities or banking operations;

▪ notes on the compliance of the operations carried out with the decisions of the general meeting of shareholders (shareholders) of the bank, the Council or the Board of the bank, on the implementation of orders and instructions for the bank;

▪ analytical notes;

▪ inspection reports.

The functions of intra-bank audit in different banks may differ significantly. However, the larger the bank, the larger its branch network, the more important is the implementation of control measures.

In addition, in accordance with the orders of the Bank of Russia dated August 28, 08 No. 97-02 and dated August 372, 29 No. 08-97, the Regulations “On the organization of internal control in banks” and “On the procedure for organizing internal control” were approved. control in credit institutions - participants in financial markets." In accordance with these documents, banks must create an internal control service whose functions include:

▪ compliance by bank employees with the requirements of current legislation;

▪ assessment and minimization of banking risks;

▪ correct and timely recording of banking transactions;

The head of the internal control service is ex officio the deputy head of the bank and cannot simultaneously manage other divisions of the bank.

Author: Shevchuk D.A.

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